d what probably is the first perfectly explicit
mention of the Corona.[76]

On Aug. 30, 1030, there happened an eclipse visible in Norway, which has
already been alluded to on a previous page under the name of the
"eclipse of Stiklastad." This was one of those eclipses, the
circumstances of which were examined many years ago in detail by Sir
G. B. Airy,[77] because he thought that information of value might be
obtained therefrom with respect to the motions of the Moon. Its
availability for that purpose has, however, been seriously questioned by
Professor Newcomb. Stiklastad is a place where a battle was fought, at
which Olav, King of Norway, is said to have been killed. While the
battle was in progress the Sun was totally eclipsed, and a red light
appeared around it. This is regarded as an early record of the Corona,
though not the first.[78] Johnston found that the eclipse was nearly
total at about 2h. 21m. p.m.

In 1033 there happened on June 29 an eclipse of the Sun, which
evidently had many observers, because it is mentioned by many
contemporary writers. For instance, the French historian, Glaber,[79]
says that "on the 3rd of the Calends of July there was an eclipse from
the sixth to the eighth hour of the day exceedingly terrible. For the
Sun became of a sapphire colour; in its upper part having the likeness
of a fourth part of the Moon." This sufficiently harmonises with
Johnston's calculations that about four-fifths of the Sun on the lower
side was covered at 10h. 50m. in the morning.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 61: _Hist. Rome_, Book lv., chap. 22.]

[Footnote 62: Letter in the _Times_, July 19, 1872.]

[Footnote 63: _Hist. Rome_, Book lx., chap. 26.]

[Footnote 64: _Life of Apollonius of Tyana_, Book viii., c. 23.]

[Footnote 65: Plut. _Opera Mor. et Phil._, vol. xix. p. 682 Ed.
Lipsiae, 1778.]

[Footnote 66: _Ast. Nach_, No. 1838, vol. lxxvii. p. 223: March 31,
1871.]

[Footnote 67: _Matheseos_, Lib. i., cap. 2, p. 5, Basileae. 1533.]

[Footnote 68: _Historiae_, Lib. xx., cap. 3, sec. 1.]

[Footnote 69: _Epitome Historiae Ecclesiasticae_, Lib. xii., cap. 8.]

[Footnote 70: _Historia Francorum_, Lib. ii., cap. 3 (_ad fin._).]

[Footnote 71: Mrs. D. P. Todd, _Total Eclipses of the Sun_, p. 101.]

[Footnote 72: _The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_, vol. ii. p. 14. Ed. B.
Thorpe, 1861.]

[Footnote 73: Prof. S. Ockley, _History of the Saracens