ect we desire may be attained by a system of
education such as that of the new schools (_Landerziehungsheime_),
which were first founded by Reddie in England, afterwards by Lietz in
Germany, by Frey and Zuberuuebler in Switzerland, and by Contou in
France. These institutes have finally realized the ideas of Rousseau,
Pestalozzi, Owen and Froebel.

For the teacher who understands the psychology of children, it is a
true pleasure to witness the teaching at these Landerziehungsheime.
The children take a delight in their school and become the comrades of
their master. Physical exercise, the development of the powers of
reason and judgment, the education of the sentiments and will, are all
harmoniously combined. The children are not given the dry text-books
of our schools, but made familiar with the works of the great authors
and men of genius. Instead of their existence becoming etiolated under
the weight of domestic duties, and under the sword of Damocles of
examinations, they thrive by living as far as possible among the
things they ought to learn. They thus assimilate the object of
instruction, which becomes a living and useful part of their
personality, instead of becoming encysted in the brain in the form of
dead erudition like a foreign body, and filling it with formulae learnt
by heart. Such formulae are ill-understood by children, and later on it
is difficult for them to clear their brains of this indigestible
rubbish to make room for the realities of observation and induction.
The only punishments at the Landerziehungsheime are those which
naturally result from the fault committed.

The pupils and their masters bathe together in a state of nature. The
sexual question is treated openly in these schools in a proper,
natural and logical way. The open confidence which obtains between
masters and pupils, combined with free intellectual and physical work
and the absolute exclusion of alcoholic drinks, constitute the best
preventive and curative remedy for masturbation, sexual precocity and
all perversions which are not hereditary.

It is needless to say that such schools cannot cure a pathological
sexual hereditary mneme, whether it consists in perversion, precocity
or some other vice. Every boarding school has its drawbacks, on
account of the possible influence of mischievous individuals.
Nevertheless, no boarding school offers such excellent conditions as
the Landerziehungsheime, for as soon as a boy gives evidence