al conventional
falsehood. The sentiments no longer fettered, will not be led astray
into mischievous ways by artificial excitement, so long as they do
not depend on unhealthy dispositions, for the pretexts and especially
the pecuniary inducement to commit evil actions and contract bad
habits will have been removed as far as possible.

For the same reason prostitution will become almost impossible, for it
will cease to have any reason for existence. Immoderate sexual
intercourse, like other excesses, will not cease to exist, but will be
kept in certain limits by the work which no one will be able to
escape.

At the end of his history of materialism (1874) F.A. Lange wrote as
follows:

"We lay down our pen and terminate our criticism at a time when Europe
is agitated by the social question. In the vast social domain, all the
revolutionary elements of science, religion and politics meet together
and seem prepared for a decisive battle. Whether this battle remains a
simple contest of minds or whether it takes the form of a cataclysm
which will bury thousands of unfortunates in the ruins of a
disappearing period, one thing is certain:--the new epoch will only
succeed by abolishing egoism, and placing the work of improvement of
the human race in the hands of a human cooperative society, in place
of our feverish work which has only personal interest at heart.

"The contests which are impending will be mitigated if the minds which
are to direct the people are imbued with the knowledge of human
evolution and historical phenomena.

"We must not abandon the hope that in the remote future great changes
may take place without defiling humanity with fire and bloodshed. It
would certainly be the finest reward for strenuous work of the human
mind, if it could from this time prepare an easy way to that which a
certain future reserves for us, avoiding atrocious sacrifices and
saving the treasures of our civilization to be transmitted to the new
epoch.

"Unfortunately, this prospect has little chance of realization, and we
cannot disguise the fact that blind party passion goes on increasing,
and that the brutal struggle of interests becomes more and more
removed from the influence of theoretical research. However, our
efforts will not all be in vain, and truth will prevail in the end.
In any case the observer who thinks has no right to be silent, simply
because at the present moment he has only a small number of
listeners."

T