d of native
tradition. This opinion has been generally abandoned by
Assyriologists, and Agane has not yet found a site. Was it
only a name for Babylon?

[Illustration: 040.jpg MAP OF CHALDAEA]

There was nothing serious to fear from the Guti, on the branch of the
Tigris to the north-east, or from the Shuti to the north of these; they
were merely marauding tribes, and, however troublesome they might be
to their neighbours in their devastating incursions, they could not
compromise the existence of the country, or bring it into subjection.
It would appear that the Chaldseans had already begun to encroach upon
these tribes and to establish colonies among them--El-Ashshur on the
banks of the Tigris, Harran on the furthest point of the Mesopotamian
plain, towards the sources of the Balikh. Beyond these were vague and
unknown regions--Tidanum, Martu, the sea of the setting sun, the vast
territories of Milukhkha and Magan.* Egypt, from the time they were
acquainted with its existence, was a semi-fabulous country at the ends
of the earth.

* The question concerning Milukhkha and Magan has exercised
Assyriologists for twenty years. The prevailing opinion
appears to be that which identifies Magan with the Sinaitic
Peninsula, and Milukhkha with the country to the north of
Magan as far as the Wady Arish and the Mediterranean; others
maintain, not the theory of Delitzsch, according to whom
Magan and Milukhkha are synonyms for Shumir and Akkad, and
consequently two of the great divisions of Babylonia, but an
analogous hypothesis, in which they are regarded as
districts to the west of the Euphrates, either in Chaldaean
regions or on the margin of the desert, or even in the
desert itself towards the Sinaitic Peninsula. What we know
of the texts induces me, in common with H. Rawlinson, to
place these countries on the shores of the Persian Gulf,
between the mouth of the Euphrates and the Bahrein islands;
possibly the Makse and the Melangitso of classical
historians and geographers were the descendants of the
people of Magan (Makan) and Milukhkha (Melugga), who had
been driven towards the entrance to the Persian Gulf by some
such event as the increase in these regions of the Kashdi
(Chaldaeans). The names, emigrated to the western parts of
Arabia and to the Sinaitic Peninsula in after-times, as the
name of