ged and varied efforts to obtain the banana were due in a
measure at least to three accidental successes. Thus on April 2, 3 and
again on the 5th, by fortunate combinations of circumstances, he
succeeded in getting the banana, contrary to the intention of the
experimenter.

Although active at first on April 6, he soon wearied of his task and
quit work. The same was true on April 7, and again on the 8th and 9th.
On these days, although hungry, he did not care to enter the large cage
and worked only a few minutes each day, seldom making more than two or
three half-hearted attempts to obtain the banana. His attitude toward
the task had changed completely, in that hopelessness had taken the
place of eager expectancy. By the 13th of April he had so nearly given
up voluntary efforts to solve the problem that it seemed worth while to
test his ability to get the idea by watching the experimenter. For this
purpose the following test of imitation was made.

On the morning of April 14, having placed a banana in the usual
position, I took Julius into the large cage, dragged the two boxes to
the proper position beneath the banana, placed the smaller one upon the
larger one and then climbed up on them to show the ape that I could
reach the banana. I then stepped down and gave him a chance to climb on
the boxes. He did so immediately and obtained the food.

Another piece of banana was supplied, the boxes were placed in distant
corners of the cage, and fifteen minutes were allowed Julius so to place
them that he could obtain his reward. He gave no indications of having
profited by my demonstration, but worked with the boxes singly, usually
with the larger one. On April 16, with the banana in position and the
two boxes also in the cage, Julius was admitted and allowed to work for
five minutes, but again without success. I then placed the boxes
properly for him and he immediately climbed up and got the banana. While
he was eating, the boxes were carried to distant corners of the cage and
another banana placed in position. Now thirty minutes were allowed him
for unaided work on the problem. As formerly, the larger box was used
repeatedly and attempts to reach from the side of the cage appeared, but
there was no tendency to try to use the two boxes together. He worked
fairly persistently, however, and showed clearly the stimulating and
encouraging effect of aid from the experimenter. Once more, on April 17,
Julius was taken into the cage