nce. The peninsula to the south of the Pyrenees had
hitherto been divided amongst various states, but in =1469= a marriage
between Ferdinand, king of Aragon, and Isabella, the heiress of
Castile, united the greater part under one dominion. Ferdinand and
Isabella were, for the present, fully occupied with the conquest of
Granada, the last remnant of the possessions of the Moors in Spain,
and that city did not surrender till early in =1492=. In the meanwhile
all England was indignant with the king of France on account of his
marriage with the heiress of Brittany. Money was voted and men were
raised, and on October 2, =1492=, Henry crossed to Calais to invade
France. He was, however, cool enough to discover that both Ferdinand
and Maximilian wanted to play their own game at his expense, and as
Anne of Beaujeu was ready to meet him half-way, he concluded a treaty
with the French king on November 3 at Etaples, receiving large sums of
money for abandoning a war in which he had nothing to gain. In =1493=
the Spaniards followed Henry's example, and made a peace with France
to their own advantage.[39]

[Footnote 39: Genealogy of the Houses of Spain and Burgundy:--

Charles the Rash, Duke of Burgundy Frederick III., Emperor
| |
| +---------------+
| |
Mary = Maximilian I. Ferdinand V. = Isabella,
| Emperor King of Aragon | Queen of
| | Castile
| |
+-----+--+ +----------+--------+
| | | |
Margaret Philip = Juana Catharine = HENRY VIII.,
| | King
| | of England
+-----------------+---+ |
| | MARY,
Charles V., Ferdinand I., Queen of England
Emperor Emperor]

10. =Perkin Warbeck. 1491--1494.=--Henry's prudent relinquishment of a
war of conquest was not likely to bring him popularity in England, and
his enemies were now on the watch for another pretender to support
against him. Such a pretender was found in Perki