enues: $66.79 billion
expenditures: $93.31 billion, including capital expenditures of NA
(2003)

Public debt:
78.7% of GDP (2003)

Agriculture - products:
tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulse, citrus;
livestock

Industries:
textiles, food processing, autos, mining (coal, chromite, copper,
boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper

Industrial production growth rate:
8.5% (2003 est.)

Electricity - production:
116.6 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - consumption:
112.6 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - exports:
433 million kWh (2001)

Electricity - imports:
4.579 billion kWh (2001)

Oil - production:
48,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - consumption:
619,500 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - exports:
46,110 bbl/day (2001)

Oil - imports:
616,500 bbl/day (2001)

Oil - proved reserves:
288.4 million bbl (1 January 2002)

Natural gas - production:
312 million cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - consumption:
15.94 billion cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - imports:
15.75 billion cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves:
8.685 billion cu m (1 January 2002)

Current account balance:
$-6.806 billion (2003)

Exports:
$49.12 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Exports - commodities:
apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufactures, transport
equipment

Exports - partners:
Germany 15.8%, US 8%, UK 7.8%, Italy 6.8%, France 6% (2003)

Imports:
$62.43 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Imports - commodities:
machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuels, transport
equipment

Imports - partners:
Germany 13.6%, Italy 7.9%, Russia 7.8%, France 6%, UK 5%, US 5%,
Switzerland 4.3% (2003)

Reserves of foreign exchange & gold:
$35.55 billion (2003)

Debt - external:
$147.3 billion (2003)

Economic aid - recipient:
ODA, $300 million (2000)

Currency:
Turkish lira (TRL)

Currency code:
TRL

Exchange rates:
Turkish liras per US dollar - NA (2003), 1,507,230 (2002),
1,225,590 (2001), 625,218 (2000), 418,783 (1999), 151,865 (1997)

Fiscal year:
calendar year

Communications Turkey

Telephones - main lines in use:
18,916,700 (2003)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
27,887,500 (2003)

Telephone system:
general assessment: undergoing rapid modernization and expansion,
especially with cellular telephones
domestic: additional digital exchang