es are permitting a rapid
increase in subscribers; the construction of a network of
technologically advanced intercity trunk lines, using both
fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay is facilitating
communication between urban centers; remote areas are reached by a
domestic satellite system; the number of subscribers to mobile
cellular telephone service is growing rapidly
international: country code - 90; international service is provided
by three submarine fiber-optic cables in the Mediterranean and Black
Seas, linking Turkey with Italy, Greece, Israel, Bulgaria, Romania,
and Russia; also by 12 Intelsat earth stations, and by 328 mobile
satellite terminals in the Inmarsat and Eutelsat systems (2002)

Radio broadcast stations:
AM 16, FM 107, shortwave 6 (2001)

Radios:
11.3 million (1997)

Television broadcast stations:
635 (plus 2,934 repeaters) (1995)

Televisions:
20.9 million (1997)

Internet country code:
.tr

Internet hosts:
355,215 (2004)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
50 (2001)

Internet users:
5.5 million (2003)

Transportation Turkey

Railways:
total: 8,671 km
standard gauge: 8,671 km 1.435-m gauge (2,122 km electrified) (2003)

Highways:
total: 385,960 km
paved: 131,226 km (including 1,749 km of expressways)
unpaved: 254,734 km (1999)

Waterways:
1,200 km (2003)

Pipelines:
gas 3,177 km; oil 3,562 km (2004)

Ports and harbors:
Gemlik, Hopa, Iskenderun, Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli (Izmit), Icel
(Mersin), Samsun, Trabzon

Merchant marine:
total: 508 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,666,895 GRT/7,311,504 DWT
by type: bulk 111, cargo 229, chemical tanker 46, combination bulk
1, combination ore/oil 2, container 34, liquefied gas 6, passenger
1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 36, refrigerated cargo 4,
roll on/roll off 26, short-sea/passenger 8, specialized tanker 3
foreign-owned: Belize 1, Cambodia 1, China 1, Cyprus 4, Greece 1,
Italy 3, Liberia 1, Monaco 1, Switzerland 1, Thailand 1, United
Kingdom 9
registered in other countries: 243 (2004 est.)

Airports:
120 (2003 est.)

Airports - with paved runways:
total: 87
over 3,047 m: 16
2,438 to 3,047 m: 30
914 to 1,523 m: 17
under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)
1,524 to 2,437 m: 20

Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 32
under 914 m: 20 (2004 est.)
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 8
1,524 to 2