en--Influence of Volunteer Teachers--Their
Self-sacrifice--Description of some of the Ladies Engaged--Effects of
the Work on Crime in the Fourth Ward--Marked Improvement--Dr. Robert
Ray's Services--Remarkable Diminution of Vagrancy in the Ward--Instance
from our Journal--Average Expense of the School.............pp. 139-146

CHAPTER XIII.

GERMAN RAG-PICKERS.

Their Quarters on the Eastern Side--Number in the Eleventh
Ward--Formation of an Association for their Benefit--Its Moving
Spirit--Social Influences in the School--Its Effect on the
Rag-pickers--Aid from the German Merchants--A Devoted Teacher--Dutch
Hill and the Swill-gatherers--Description of the Squatters'
Village--Character of the People--Drunkenness--Faith of the
Children--Personal Efforts--Discouraging Features of the Work--Influence
of Roman Catholicism--Difficulties of a Protestant--Influence of the
Priests--Formation of an Association of Ladies on Murray
Hill--Foundation of East River Industrial School--Mrs. Hurley--Her
Devoted Labors for Seventeen Years--Attachment of Children to
Her--Reform among the Children--Influence of Volunteer
Teachers--Incidents among the Poor--A Heroic Girl--Happy Changes of
Fortune--Remarkable Success among Two Thousand Children--"Our
Failures"--The Beggar's Family..............................pp. 147-164

CHAPTER XIV.

SCENES AMONG THE POOR.

The Street-child--Effects of Drunkenness--A Mother Fleeing her
Daughter-The Dying Sewing-woman--Severe Labor--Christian Faith--Changes
of Fortune--Discouragement--The Iron-worker's Wife--A Little
Beggar--Religious Trouble--The Swill-gatherer's Child--Danger of Ruin--A
Reform--Present Condition of East River School..............pp. 165-173

CHAPTER XV.

THE PROTESTANT POOR AND STREET-ROVERS.

Formation of an Association of Ladies on the West Side--Hudson River
Industrial School--Perseverance of Volunteer Teachers--Protestant Poor
no Better than Catholic--"Muscular Orphans"--Wild Boys near East Thirty
fourth Street--Skillful Thieves--Efforts of the School--Transference to
Eleventh Street--Dock Pilferers--Success of our Efforts--Need of
Lodging-house in Thirty-fourth Street.......................pp. 174-180

CHAPTER XVI.

NEW METHODS OF TEACHING.

Generous Proposal of a Benevo