at can be used. England doesn't have any walnuts; they have never
grown any Persian walnuts or English walnuts, they haven't in the past
and they aren't today. They have a few trees but are in the same fix
that we are in the Northern Nut Growers Association; they are trying to
find a variety of Persian walnut that they can grow in England, and yet
here we call them English walnuts. They should be Persian walnuts, or
Chinese walnuts. We don't know where they came from. The best
authorities seem to think that they originated in Persia; others think
they originated in China, but the abundance of evidence is on Persia.

We want to get this thing kind of straight. They are all the same thing,
_Juglans Regia_.

MR. CLARKE: I'd like to make a suggestion. I don't know as you have any
authority or power to change, but the term _Juglans Regia_ means "royal
walnut." Why not work for the adoption of a name like that, and it will
include all of them.

DR. MACDANIEL: That's what they call them in France. This country has a
little complication; there is another Royal walnut, one of the hybrids
between the California black and the Eastern black.

DR. GRAVATT:-While we are talking about bringing English walnuts,
Persian walnuts, whatever you want to call them, from Europe, I want to
give a warning about a disease that is killing thousands of trees in
Southern France. Just recently I saw quite a few of them in France and
the edge of Italy. I don't know whether it's virus or what it is, but
it is certainly killing out the English walnuts there at a very rapid
rate, and I advise very strongly against introducing walnut seed, scions
and such, from those areas in France and Switzerland or other areas in
southern Europe where this disease is prevalent. We will know more later
about it, because quite a team of pathologists is working on it in
Europe.

MR. CHASE: Has anybody else got any comments about _Juglans Regia_? I am
afraid to say anything else.

DR. MACDANIEL: I will say that this Carpathian strain, of _Juglans
Regia_ is the first walnut of the Persian type that we have had for
Illinois. The Pomeroy, other Eastern strains and California varieties
have not survived very long in the climate of the state of Illinois. We
do know now that some of the Carpathian seedlings have been fruiting for
10 or 12 years and do show considerable promise there. I don't know
whether it will ever develop into a commercial industry but they are
worth