in an area ten feet square. They
numbered fifty-five, and we are led to believe they were not more
numerous here than in other localities.

We recall that the ornamentations on the vessels of clay made by Mound
Builders were either incised lines or indentations on the surface of the
vessels. And, still further, the clay vessels themselves were frequently
molded in the shape of animals or heads of animals. In this plate
we have fragments of indented and corrugated ware, from the San Juan
valley. This ware is only found under such circumstances indented and
that we are justified in considering it very ancient. The ware made at
the time of the conquest was always painted.

Illustration of Indented and Corrugated Ware.--------

At Zuni and some of the other pueblos, at the present day, they make
vessels in the form of various animals and other natural objects. This
is, however, a recent thing. Only one vessel is known that was found
under such circumstances that we are justified in thinking it very old.
That was molded into a shape resembling some kind of an animal. This
was found on the Rio Gila, in New Mexico; and even that has some
peculiarities about it that renders its age uncertain. Mr. Bandelier
says: "No vessel of ancient date, of human or animal shape, has ever
been found." This is a most important point for us to consider, when we
recall how numerous were animal-shaped vessels among the Mound Builders.

Illustration of Painted Pueblo Pottery.---------

In this plate we have specimens of the ordinary painted ware from the
ancient ruins. The most of these are restorations, but so many fragments
have been obtained of each vessel that we have no doubt of the accuracy
of the drawings. They decorated their pottery by painting. Even in many
cases where they were further ornamented by indentations they
still painted it, showing that painting was regarded as of the most
importance. We notice that the ornamentation consists almost entirely of
geometrical figures, parallel lines, and scrolls. Over the entire field
of ruins the body of the vessels is of one of two colors; it is either
white or red. The color employed to produce the ornamentation is
black. There is almost no exception to this rule, though sometimes the
ornamentation is of a brownish color with a metallic luster. Along the
Rio Grande and the Gila some changes are noticed. The ornamentation
is not strictly confined to two colors. Symbolical represen