ly
obliterated, and consisting mostly, in the first four or five miles, of
the same mound-like forms noticed above, and accompanied always by the
scattered, broken pottery. Among them we find one building of squared
and carefully laid sandstone, one face only exposed of three or four
courses, above the mass of _debris_ which covered every thing. This
building lay within a few yards of the banks of the stream, was
apparently about ten feet by eight, the usual size, as near as we could
determine, of nearly all the separate rooms or houses in the larger
blocks, none larger, and many not more than five feet square. The stones
exposed are each about seven by twelve inches square, and four inches
thick, those in their original position retaining correct angles, but,
when thrown down, worn away by attrition to shapeless bowlders."

"As we progressed down the canyon the same general characteristics held
good. The great majority of the ruins consisting of heaps of _debris_ a
central mass considerably higher and more massive than the surrounding
lines of sub-divided squares. Small buildings, not more than eight feet
square, were often found standing alone apparently, no trace of any
other being detected in their immediate neighborhood." We would call
especial attention in this description to the character of the ruins,
the central, higher mass surrounded by other ruins; also to the houses
found occasionally standing alone. We notice they are of the same
general character as the ruins at Aztec Springs.

We are finding abundant evidence that this section was once thickly
settled. Going back to the triple-walled tower on the McElmo, Mr.
Jackson says of the immediate vicinity: "On the mesa is group after
group upon the same general plan, a great central tower and smaller
surrounding buildings. They cover the whole breadth and length of the
land, and, turn which way we would, we stumbled over the old mound and
into the cellars, as we might call them, of these truly aborigines." We
believe, however, that no excavation for cellar purposes are found in
the entire region covered by these ancient ruins.

"Starting down the canyon (the McElmo), which gradually deepened as the
table-land rose above us, we found upon either hand very old and faint
vestiges of the homes of a forgotten people, but could give them no more
attention than merely noting their existence."

Mr. Morgan has shown the existence of regular large houses in the valley