ear 1064. Prof. Valentine thinks
he finds a reference to it in the calendar of stone. If we will notice,
in the outer band near the top are four little bundles, or knots, in
all, eight. We are told that each of these bundles refers to a cycle of
fifty-two years, or in all four hundred and sixteen years. The date
of the inauguration of the stone is 1479. If we subtract the number of
years just mentioned, we have the date 1063. Whether this is simply a
coincidence, or was really intended to refer to that event, we can not
say.

Considerable speculations have been indulged in as to where the Toltecs
went when driven out of Mexico. Some have supposed they went to Yucatan,
and that to them we are to look for the builders of the ruined cities.
This is the view of a very late explorer, M. Charney.<97> Some have
supposed we yet see certain traces of their presence in Guatemala, where
they helped to build up a great Quexche "monarchy."<98> But we know very
little about it. It is not probable that more than a feeble remnant of
them escaped with their lives.

From the same mysterious regions from where had issued the aboriginal
Chichimecas and Toltec people, there subsequently came still other bands
of sedentary Indians, who finally came to settle around the lakes of
Anahuac. These settlers all spoke closely related dialects of the same
language as their predecessors, the Toltecs. Finally the Aztecs appeared
on the scene, coming from the same mysterious land of the "Seven Caves."
According to their historical picture-writings, they founded the Pueblo
of Mexico in 1325. It is somewhat singular that no record of this event
appears on the calendar stone. If the artist was ingenious enough,
as Prof. Valentine thinks he was, to represent the dispersion of the
Toltecs in the eleventh century, he surely would have found some way to
refer to such an important event as the founding of their Pueblo. From
this date the Mexicans steadily rose in power, until they finally became
the leading power of the valley.<99>

REFERENCES

(1) The manuscript of this chapter was submitted to A. F.
Bandelier for criticism. The part bearing on religion was
subsequently rewritten. Absence from the country prevented his
examining it.
(2) Mr. Bandelier is the author of three essays on the culture
of the ancient Mexicans. These are published in Volume II of
"Peabody Museum Reports." We wish to make a general reference to