s executed; the residence of Cromwell here
in a quietude, strangely contrasted with the voluptuousness of the
Restoration; the flight of James II., and his queen's escape with her
infant son by the water-gate, shown in our cut, closes the history of
the Stuart family in this country of sovereigns; and the history also of
the palace; for, on the 10th April, 1691, the greater part was burnt by
a fire, which was succeeded by another in 1698, which destroyed nearly
every building but the Banqueting-house, and Whitehall ceased to be the
residence of royalty.

[C] Nell's "town-house" was in Pall Mall. Pennant says, "it was the
first good one on the left hand of St. James's Square, as we enter from
Pall Mall. The back room on the second floor was (within memory)
entirely of looking-glass, as was said to have been the ceiling. Over
the chimney was her picture, and that of her sister was in a third
room." At this house she died in 1691, and was pompously interred in the
parish of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, leaving that parish a handsome sum
yearly, that every Thursday evening there should be six men employed for
the space of one hour in ringing, for which they were to have a roasted
shoulder of mutton and ten shillings for beer.

[D] Pepys was Secretary to the Admiralty, and it was he who published,
from the king's dictation, the minute and interesting account of his
escape from the Battle of Worcester, and adventures a Boscobel, and in
the "Royal Oak." He kept a very minute and amusing diary, in which he
neglected not to enter the most trivial matters, even the purchase of a
new wig, or a new riband for his wife. This very littleness of detail
has made his Memoirs the most extraordinary picture we possess of the
times. He appears to have been a coarse but shrewd man, and fully alive
to the faults of his master.

[E] Previous to the restoration of Charles II., the park of St. James's
appears to have attracted little attention, and to have been left to the
guidance of nature alone. Charles seems to have had Versailles in view
when he laid it out from Le Notre's design. A long straight canal was
formed in its centre from a square pond which existed at its foot near
the Horse Guards. Rows of elm and lime trees were planted on each side
of it, an aviary was formed in that place still called the "Bird Cage
Walk;" and in the large space between this walk and the canal, and
nearest the Abbey, an extensive decoy for wild fowl was con