hat it
would be for the interests of humanity that it should be divided;
consequently the general sympathy was largely with the Confederates
and the desires of the governing classes for their success openly
avowed. After the emancipation proclamation it was different. The
Union cause had thereafter the incalculable advantage of a
well-defined moral position--a position always keenly felt by the
English masses. The desires of the governing class at that period and
the dangers of the position from a military point of view are well
indicated in extracts given by Miss Carroll in her successive
memorials from the English journals and from diplomatic
correspondence.

In an extract from the London _Times_, brought to the notice of the
Senate by Mr. Howe, the command of the waters of the southwest is
pointed out as the essential matter, and it is stated by Mr. Grimes
that "the British Government has sent over into all the British
colonies of North America some thirty thousand men."

* * * * *

[London _Times_, September 27, 1861.]

"Whatever may be the assertions of the Northerners, they must look
upon the permanent separation of the Southern States and the
formation of a second republic as at least highly probable, and in the
action of England and France toward Mexico Mr. Lincoln, perhaps, only
sees an intervention in the affairs of a country which is soon to be
divided from his own by the territory of a rival. * * It is said the
three European powers have taken advantage of the dissensions of the
American Union to carry out plans upon a violation of the Monroe
doctrine."

* * * * *

[London _Shipping Gazette_, February 1, 1862.]

"A semi-official note is sent by Napoleon to the British Government
respecting the blockade, to the effect that the Emperor cannot longer
allow French commerce to be injured."

* * * * *

DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE--CLAY[22] TO SEWARD.

_Jan. 24, 1862._

"Prince Gortchakoff expresses his fears should any reverse happen to
us that England would at once make common cause with the South,
acknowledge her independence, and finally break down the power of the
Republic. I must confess I very much fear England's influence. My
first impression is not weakened, but rather strengthened. Nothing but
great and decisive success will save us from foreign war. I would
prepare