tile
lands--was represented as a man: Phtah at Memphis, Amon at Thebes, Minu
at Coptos and at Panopolis. Amon seems rather to have symbolized the
productive soil, while Minu reigned over the desert. But these were fine
distinctions, not invariably insisted upon, and his worshippers often
invested Amon with the most significant attributes of Minu.

[Illustration: 133.jpg ANHURI. 1]

1 Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from a bronze of the Saite period,
in my own possession.

The Sky-gods, like the Earth-gods, were separated into two groups, the
one consisting of women: Hathor of Denderah, or Nit of Sais; the other
composed of men identical with Horus, or derived from him: Anhuri-Shu of
Sebennytos and Thinis; Harmerati, Horus of the two eyes, at Pharbaethos;
Har-Sapdi, Horus the source of the zodiacal light, in the Wady Tumilat;
and finally Harhuditi at Edfu. Ra, the solar disk, was enthroned at
Heliopolis, and sun-gods were numerous among the nome deities, but they
were sun-gods closely connected with gods representing the sky, and
resembled Horus quite as much as Ra. Whether under the name of Horus
or of Anhuri, the sky was early identified with its most brilliant
luminary, its solar eye, and its divinity was as it were fused into that
of the Sun. Horus the Sun, and Ra, the Sun-Cod of Heliopolis, had so
permeated each other that none could say where the one began and the
other ended. One by one all the functions of Ra had been usurped by
Horus, and all the designations of Horus had been appropriated by Ra.
The sun was styled Harmakhuiti, the Horus of the two mountains--that is,
the Horus who comes forth from the mountain of the east in the morning,
and retires at evening into the mountain of the west;[*] or Hartima,
Horus the Pikeman, that Horus whose lance spears the hippopotamus or the
serpent of the celestial river; or Harnubi, the Golden Horus, the great
golden sparrow-hawk with mottled plumage, who puts all other birds
to flight; and these titles were indifferently applied to each of the
feudal gods who represented the sun.

* From the time of Champollion, Harmakhuiti has been
identified with the Harmachis of the Greeks, the great
Sphinx.

[Illustration: 134.jpg THE HAWK-HEADED HOKUS.2]

2 A bronze of the Saite period, from the Posno collection,
and now in the Louvre; drawn by Faucher-Gudin. The god is
represented as upholding a libation vase with both hands,
and pouring