allenged.

Tumu was a man crowned and clothed with the insignia of supreme power, a
true king of gods, majestic and impassive as the Pharaohs who succeeded
each other upon the throne of Egypt. The conception of Khopri as a disk
enclosing a scarabaeus, or a man with a scarabous upon his head, or a
scarabus-headed mummy, was suggested by the accidental alliteration of
his name and that of Khopirru, the scarabaeus. The difference between
the possible forms of the god was so slight as to be eventually
lost altogether. His names were grouped by twos and threes in every
conceivable way, and the scarabaeus of Khopri took its place upon the
head of Ra, while the hawk headpiece was transferred from the shoulders
of Harmakhuiti to those of Tumu. The complex beings resulting from these
combinations, Ra-Tumu, Atumu-Ra, Ra-Tumu-Khopri, Ra-Harmakhuiti-Tumu,
Tum-Harmakhuiti-Khopri, never attained to any pronounced individuality.

[Illustration: 198.jpg KHOPRI, IN HIS BARK]

They were as a rule simple duplicates of the feudal god, names rather
than persons, and though hardly taken for one another indiscriminately,
the distinctions between them had reference to mere details of their
functions and attributes. Hence arose the idea of making these gods into
embodiments of the main phases in the life of the sun during the day
and throughout the year. Ra symbolized the sun of springtime and before
sunrise, Harmakhuiti the summer and the morning sun, Atumu the sun of
autumn and of afternoon, Khopri that of winter and of night. The people
of Heliopolis accepted the new names and the new forms presented for
their worship, but always subordinated them to their beloved Ra. For
them Ra never ceased to be the god of the nome; while Atumu remained the
god of the theologians, and was invoked by them, the people preferred
Ra. At Thinis and at Sebennytos Anhuri incurred the same fate as befell
Ra at Heliopolis. After he had been identified with the sun, the similar
identification of Shu inevitably followed. Of old, Anhuri and Shu were
twin gods, incarnations of sky and earth. They were soon but one god in
two persons--the god Anhuri-Shu, of which the one half under the title
of Auhuri represented, like Atumu, the primordial being; and Shu, the
other half, became, as his name indicates, the creative sun-god who
upholds (_shu_) the sky.

Turnu then, rather than Ra, was placed by the Heliopolitan priests at
the head of their cosmogony as supreme creato