otified to
the Consuls of all States in the blockaded port." Commanders are, no
doubt, instructed to notify the fact, "as far as possible, to the
competent authorities and the Consuls of the neutral Powers within the
circumference of the blockade"; but that is a very different thing.

I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
T. E. HOLLAND.
The Athenaeum, March 10 (1905).

JAPANESE PRIZE LAW

Sir,--Let me assure your correspondent upon Marine Insurance that I have
been familiar, ever since its promulgation, with the Japanese prize law
of 1894, quoted by him as authority for statements made in your issue of
March 10, the misleading character of which I felt bound to point out in
a letter of the same date. All the topics mentioned by him on that
occasion, and to-day, are, however, regulated, not by that law, but by
notifications and instructions issued from time to time during 1904.

I make it my business not only to be authoritatively informed on such
matters, but also to see that my information is up to date.

I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
T. E. HOLLAND.
Oxford, March 15 (1905).

_(Continuous Voyages)_

The opinion expressed in the letter which immediately follows,
that the American decisions, applying to carriage of contraband
the doctrine of "continuous voyages," seem to be "demanded by
the conditions of modern commerce, and might well be followed
by a British prize Court," was referred to by Lord Salisbury in
a despatch of January 10, 1900, to be communicated to Count von
Buelow, with reference to the seizure of _Bundesrath_. _Parl.
Papers_, Africa, No. 1 (1900), p. 19.

The distinction, drawn in the same letter, between "carriage of
contraband" and "enemy service," which has sometimes been lost
sight of, was established in the case of _Yangtsze Insurance
Association_ v. _Indemnity Mutual Marine Company_, [1908] K.B.
910, in which it was held by Bigham, J., that the transport of
military officers of a belligerent State, as passengers in a
neutral ship, is not a breach or a warranty against contraband
of war in a policy of marine insurance. The carriage of enemy
despatches will no longer be generally treated as "enemy
service" since The Hague Convention, No. xi. of 1907, ratified
by most of the Powers, including Great Britain, on November 27,
1909, by Art. 1 provides that, except in the case of breach of
blockade, "the pos