s not trip; he is humble towards others and courteous. All within
the four seas are brethren; how can a gentleman lament that he has
none?

6. Tzu-chang asked, What is insight?

The Master said, Not to be moved by lap and wash of slander, or by
plaints that pierce to the quick, may be called insight. Yea, whom lap
and wash of slander, or plaints that pierce to the quick cannot move
may be called far-sighted.

7. Tzu-kung asked, What is kingcraft?

The Master said, Food enough, troops enough, and the trust of the
people.

Tzu-kung said, If it had to be done, which could best be spared of the
three?

Troops, said the Master.

And if we had to, which could better be spared of the other two?

Food, said the Master. From of old all men die, but without trust a
people cannot stand.

8. Chi Tzu-ch'eng[117] said, It is the stuff alone that makes a
gentleman; what can art do for him?

Alas! my lord, said Tzu-kung, how ye speak of a gentleman! No team
overtakes the tongue! The art is no less than the stuff, the stuff is
no less than the art. Without the fur, a tiger or a leopard's hide is
no better than the hide of a dog or a goat.

9. Duke Ai said to Yu Jo,[118] In this year of dearth I have not
enough for my wants; what should be done?

Ye might tithe the people, answered Yu Jo.

A fifth is not enough, said the Duke, how could I do with a tenth?

When all his folk have enough, answered Yu Jo, shall the lord alone
not have enough? When none of his folk have enough, shall the lord
alone have enough?

10. Tzu-chang asked how to raise the mind and scatter delusions.

The Master said, Put faithfulness and truth first, and follow the
right; the mind will be raised. We wish life to what we love and death
to what we hate. To wish it both life and death is a delusion.

Whether prompted by wealth, or not,
Yet ye made a distinction.

[Footnote 117: Minister of Wei.]

[Footnote 118: A disciple of Confucius.]

11. Ching,[119] Duke of Ch'i, asked Confucius, What is kingcraft?

Confucius answered. For the lord to be lord and the liege, liege, the
father to be father and the son, son.

True indeed! said the Duke. If the lord were no lord and the liege no
liege, the father no father and the son no son, though the grain were
there, could I get anything to eat?

12. The Master said, To stint a quarrel with half a word Yu[120] is
the man.

Tzu-lu never slept over a promise.

13. The Master said, At hearin