(4) "There are honest men";
(5) "There are some honest men".

Similarly, the Proposition "No existing Things are men fifty
feet high" asserts that the Class "men 50 feet high" is
_Imaginary_.

This is the _normal_ form; but it may also be expressed in any
one of the following forms:--

(1) "Men 50 feet high do not exist";
(2) "No men 50 feet high exist";
(3) "The Class 'men 50 feet high' does not exist";
(4) "There are not any men 50 feet high";
(5) "There are no men 50 feet high."]

pg012

CHAPTER III.

_PROPOSITIONS OF RELATION._

Sec. 1.

_Introductory._

A =Proposition of Relation=, of the kind to be here discussed, has, for
its Terms, two Specieses of the same Genus, such that each of the two
Names conveys the idea of some Attribute _not_ conveyed by the other.

[Thus, the Proposition "Some merchants are misers" is of the
right kind, since "merchants" and "misers" are Specieses of the
same Genus "men"; and since the Name "merchants" conveys the
idea of the Attribute "mercantile", and the name "misers" the
idea of the Attribute "miserly", each of which ideas is _not_
conveyed by the other Name.

But the Proposition "Some dogs are setters" is _not_ of the
right kind, since, although it is true that "dogs" and "setters"
are Specieses of the same Genus "animals", it is _not_ true that
the Name "dogs" conveys the idea of any Attribute not conveyed
by the Name "setters". Such Propositions will be discussed in
Part II.]

The Genus, of which the two Terms are Specieses, is called the
'=Universe of Discourse=,' or (more briefly) the '=Univ.='

The Sign of Quantity is "Some" or "No" or "All".

[Note that, though its Sign of Quantity tells us _how many_
Members of its Subject are _also_ Members of its Predicate, it
does not tell us the _exact_ number: in fact, it only deals with
_three_ numbers, which are, in ascending order, "0", "1 or
more", "the total number of Members of the Subject".]

It is called "a Proposition of Relation" because its effect is to assert
that a certain _relationship_ exists between its Terms.

pg013
Sec. 2.

_Reduction of a Proposition of Relation to Normal form._

The Rules, for doing this, are as f