er to the north, he delivered his prophecy concerning
Maitreya; and where, at a distance of fifty paces to the south, the
dragon Elapattra asked him, "When shall I get free from this naga
body?"--at all these places topes were reared, and are still existing.
In the park there are two monasteries, in both of which there are monks
residing.

When you go northwest from the vihara of the Deer-wild park for thirteen
yojanas, there is a kingdom named Kausambi. Its vihara is named
Ghochiravana--a place where Buddha formerly resided. Now, as of old,
there is a company of monks there, most of whom are students of the
hinayana.

East from this, when you have travelled eight yojanas, is the place
where Buddha converted the evil demon. There, and where he walked in
meditation and sat at the place which was his regular abode, there have
been topes erected. There is also a monastery, which may contain more
than a hundred monks.

[Footnote 1: "The rishi," says Eitel, "is a man whose bodily frame has
undergone a certain transformation by dint of meditation and asceticism,
so that he is, for an indefinite period, exempt from decrepitude, age,
and death. As this period is believed to extend far beyond the usual
duration of human life, such persons are called, and popularly believed
to be, immortals." Rishis are divided into various classes; and
rishi-ism is spoken of as a seventh path of transrotation, and rishis
are referred to as the seventh class of sentient beings.]

[Footnote 2: This is the only instance in Fa-hien's text where the
Bodhisattva or Buddha is called by the surname "Gotama." For the most
part our traveller uses Buddha as a proper name, though it properly
means "The Enlightened." He uses also the combinations "Sakya Buddha,"
which means "The Buddha of the Sakya tribe," and "Sakyamuni," which
means "The Sakya sage." This last is the most common designation of the
Buddha in China. Among other Buddhistic peoples "Gotama" and "Gotama
Buddha" are the more frequent designations.]

CHAPTER XXXV

~Dakshina, and the Pigeon Monastery~

South from this two hundred yojanas, there is a country named Dakshina,
where there is a monastery dedicated to the by-gone Kasyapa Buddha, and
which has been hewn out from a large hill of rock. It consists in all of
five stories;--the lowest, having the form of an elephant, with five
hundred apartments in the rock; the second, having the form of a lion,
with four hundred apartments