s, larger than those of _C. japonica_, which are
of a bright rose colour and as known in cultivation semi-double or
double.

Both _C. sasanqua_ and _C. drupifera_, the former inhabiting Japan and
China, the latter Cochin-China and the mountains of India, are
oil-yielding plants. The oil of _C. sasanqua_ (of which sasankwa is the
native Japanese name) has an agreeable odour and is used for many
domestic purposes. It is obtained from the seeds by subjecting them to
pressure sufficient to reduce them to a coarse powder, and then boiling
and again pressing the crushed material. The leaves are also used in the
form of a decoction by the Japanese women for washing their hair; and in
a dried state they are mixed with tea on account of their pleasant
flavour. The oil of _C. drupifera_, which is closely allied to _C.
sasanqua_, is used medicinally in Cochin-China. The flowers of these two
species, unlike those of _C. japonica_ and _C. reticulata_, are
odoriferous.

Camellias, though generally grown in the cool greenhouse, are hardy in
the south of England and the south-west of Scotland and Ireland. They
grow best in a rich compost of sandy peat and loam, and should not be
allowed to get too dry at the roots; a liberal supply of water is
especially necessary during the flowering period. The best
position--when grown out of doors--is one facing north or north-west,
with a wall or hedge behind for protection from cold winds. July is the
best time for planting; care must be taken that the roots are evenly
spread, not matted into a ball.

The plants are propagated by layers or cuttings, and the single-flowered
ones also by seeds. Cuttings are taken in August and placed in sandy
peat or loam in a cold shaded frame. In the following spring those which
have struck are placed in a gentle heat, and in September or October the
rooted plants are potted off. Camellias are also propagated by grafting
or inarching in early spring on stocks of the common variety of _C.
japonica._

The scale insect sometimes attacks the camellia. To remove the white
scale, the plants are washed with a sponge and solution of soft soap as
soon as their growth is completed, and again before the buds begin to
swell. The brown scale may be got rid of by repeated washings with one
of the many insecticides, but it should be applied at a temperature of
90 deg.

CAMEO, a term of doubtful origin, applied in the first instance to
engraved work executed in reli