metimes called "gentle Lochiel," joined Charles Edward, the
Young Pretender, in 1745, was wounded at Culloden, and escaped to
France, dying in the same year as his father. The 79th regiment, or
Cameron Highlanders, was raised from among the members of the clan in
1793 by Sir Alan Cameron (1753-1828).

See _Memoirs of Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel_ (Bannatyne Club, 1842).

CAMERONIANS, the name given to that section of the Scottish Covenanters
(q.v.) who followed Richard Cameron (q.v.), and who were chiefly found
among those who signed the Sanquhar Declaration in 1680. Known also as
"Society Men," "Sanquharians" and "Hillmen," they became a separate
church after the religious settlement of 1690, taking the official title
of Reformed Presbyterians in 1743. Societies of Cameronians for the
maintenance of the Presbyterian form of worship were formed about 1681;
their testimony, "The Informatory Vindication," is dated 1687; and they
quickly became the most pronounced and active adherents of the
covenanting faith. Holding fast to the two covenants, the National
Covenant of 1580 and the Solemn League and Covenant of 1643, they wished
to restore the ecclesiastical order which had existed between 1638 and
1649, and were dissatisfied with the moderate character of the religious
settlement of 1690. Refusing to take the oaths of allegiance to an
"uncovenanted" ruler, or to exercise any civil function, they passed
through a period of trial and found some difficulty in maintaining a
regular ministry; but in 1706 they were reinforced by some converts from
the established church. They objected strongly to the proposal for the
union of England and Scotland, and were suspected of abetting a rising
which took place in the west of Scotland in 1706; but there appears to
be no foundation for the statement that they intrigued with the
Jacobites, and they gave no trouble to the government either in 1715 or
in 1745. In 1712 they publicly renewed the covenants at Auchensauch Hill
in Lanarkshire, and in 1743 their first presbytery was constituted at
Braehead, while a presbytery was formed in North America in 1774. In
1863 the Cameronians, or Reformed Presbyterians, decided to inflict no
penalties upon those members who had taken the oaths, or had exercised
civil functions, and consequently a few congregations seceded. In 1876
the general body of the Reformed Presbyterians united with the Free
Church of Scotland, leaving the few seceding con