gregations as the
representatives of the principles of the Cameronians. In the British
army the first battalion of the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) is
directly descended from the "Cameronian guard," which, composed of
Cameronians, was embodied by the convention parliament in 1689, and was
afterwards employed to restore order in the Highlands.

See J.H. Burton, _History of Scotland_, vols. vii. and viii.
(Edinburgh, 1905); and A. Lang, _History of Scotland_, vol. iv.
(Edinburgh, 1907).

CAMEROON[1] (Ger. _Kamerun_), a German protectorate in West Africa,
bounded W. by the Atlantic, N.W. by British Nigeria, N. by Lake Chad, E.
and S. by French Congo, save for a short distance on the south where it
is conterminous with the Spanish Muni river settlement.

[Illustration: CAMEROON]

_Boundaries and Area._--The sea frontier extends from the Rio del Rey,
just where the great bend of the coast-line east to south begins,
forming the Bight of Biafra, to the Campo river, a distance of 200 m.
The north-western boundary, laid down in an agreement between Germany
and Great Britain on the 15th of November 1893, runs from the mouth of
the Rio del Rey to the "rapids" of the Cross river in 8 deg. 48' E.
Thence it is continued in a north-east line towards Yola, as far as the
confines of that town. The boundary is then deflected south so as to
leave Yola in British territory, turning north again to cross the Benue
river at a spot 3 m. west of where the Faro joins the Benue. From this
point the frontier goes north-east to the border of Lake Chad, 35 m.
east of the meridian of the town of Kuka. The southern shores of Lake
Chad for a distance of some 40 m. belong to the protectorate. The south
and east boundaries were laid down by agreements between Germany and
France on the 24th of December 1885, the 15th of March 1894 and the 18th
of April 1908. The south boundary runs in a fairly direct line from the
mouth of the Campo river to the river Dscha (or Ngoko), which it follows
to its confluence with the Sanga. The eastern boundary runs from the
Sanga irregularly north to 10 deg. N., where it approaches the British
frontier at Yola, so that at its narrowest part the protectorate is
little more than 50 m. across. From 10 deg. N. the frontier turns
eastwards to the Logone, thence going north-east to the Shari river,
which it follows to Lake Chad. The protectorate has an area of about
190,000 sq. m. Estimated population (1908) 3,500,