dence in Michaelmas
term. An elementary examination or other evidence of qualification is
required for admission to a college. After nine terms' (three years')
residence an undergraduate can take the first degree, that of bachelor
of arts (B.A.). The examinations required for the ordinary B.A. degree
are--(1) Previous examination or Little-go (usually taken in the first
term of residence or at least in the first year), including classics,
mathematics and a gospel in Greek and Paley's _Evidences of
Christianity_, or an additional Greek or Latin classic and logic. (2)
General examination in classics and mathematics, with a portion of
English history, &c. (3) Special examination in a subject other than
classical or mathematical. Candidates for honours are required to pass
the Previous examination with certain additional subjects; they then
have only a "tripos" examination in one of the following
subjects--mathematics, classics, moral sciences, natural sciences,
theology, law, history, oriental languages, medieval and modern
languages, mechanical sciences, economics. The mathematical tripos is
divided into two parts, in the first of which, down to 1909, the
candidates were classed in the result as Wranglers, Senior Optimes and
Junior Optimes. There was also an individual order of merit, the most
proficient candidate being placed at the head of the list as Senior
Wrangler. But in 1906 a number of important reforms of this tripos were
proposed by the Mathematical Board, and among these the abolition of the
individual order of merit was recommended and passed by the senate. It
is not employed in any other tripos. The classical tripos is also in two
parts, to the second of which certain kindred subjects are added
(ancient philosophy, history, &c.). Individual order of merit is not
observed in either part, the candidates being grouped in classes. There
are a large number of university prizes and scholarships on special
foundations. Such are the Smith's prizes for mathematics and natural
philosophy, on the foundation (1768) of Robert Smith, master of Trinity,
awarded up to 1883 after examination, but since then for an essay on
some branch of each subject, and the Chancellor's medals, of which two
have been awarded annually in classics since the foundation of the
prizes in 1751 by Thomas Holles, duke of Newcastle.

Affiliated colleges.

The university may adopt as affiliated colleges institutions in the
United Kingdom or in