ck,
Sir R.I. Murchison, H. Hicks, C. Lapworth, T. Groom, J.W. Salter, J.E.
Marr, C.D. Walcott, G.F. Matthew, E. Emmons, E. Billings, J. Barrande,
F. Schmidt, W.C. Brogger, S.A. Tullberg, S.L. Torngrist, G. Linnarsson
and many others. A good general account of the period will be found in
Sir A. Geikie's _Text-Book of Geology_, vol. ii. 4th ed. 1903 (with
references), and from an American point of view, in T.C. Chamberlin
and R.D. Salisbury's _Geology_, vol. ii., 1906 (references to American
sources). See also J.E. Marr, _The Classification of the Cambrian and
Silurian Rocks_, 1883 (with bibliography up to the year of
publication); A. Geikie _Q.J. Geol. Sac._, 1891, xlvii., Ann. address,
p. 90; F. Frech, "Die geographische Verbreitung und Entwickelung des
Cambrium," _Compte Rendu. Congres Geol. Internal. 1897,
St-Petersbourg_ (1899); _Geological Literature added to the Geological
Society's Library_, published annually since 1893. (J. A. H.)

CAMBRIC, a word derived from _Kameryk_ or _Kamerijk_, the Flemish name
of Cambrai, a town in the department of Nord, France, where the cloth of
this name is said to have been first made. It was originally made of
fine linen. There is a record of a privy purse expenditure in 1530 for
cambric for Henry VIII.'s shirts. Cambric has been used for many years
in the manufacture of handkerchiefs, collars, cuffs, and for fine
underclothing; also for the best shrouds, and for fine baby linen. The
yarns for this cloth are of very fine quality, and the number of threads
and picks often reaches and sometimes exceeds 120 per inch. Embroidery
cambric is a fine linen used for embroidery. Batiste, said to be called
after Baptiste, a linen-weaver of Cambrai, is a kind of cambric
frequently dyed or printed. All these fabrics are largely copied in
cheaper materials, mixtures of tow and cotton, and in many cases cotton
alone, taking the place of the original flax line yarns.

CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF. Under the Norman and early Plantagenet
kings of England the earldom of Cambridge was united with that of
Huntingdon, which was held among others by David I., king of Scotland,
as the husband of earl Waltheof's daughter, Matilda. As a separate
dignity the earldom dates from about 1340, when William V., count
(afterwards duke) of Juliers, was created earl of Cambridge by King
Edward III.; and in 1362 (the year after William's death) Edward created
his own son,