there is no confirmation of this. In spite of his dissipated life he
played a certain part in public affairs. In 392 he was in command of the
Athenian hoplites at Corinth, when the Spartans were defeated by
Iphicrates. In 371 he was at the head of the embassy sent to make terms
with Sparta. The peace which was the result was called after him the
"peace of Callias."

See Xenophon, _Hellenica_, iv. 5, vi. 3; and DELIAN LEAGUE.

CALLIMACHUS, an Athenian sculptor of the second half of the 5th century
B.C. Ancient critics associate him with Calamis, whose relative he may
have been. He is given credit for two inventions, the Corinthian column
and the running borer for drilling marble. The most certain facts in
regard to him are that he sculptured some dancing Laconian maidens, and
made a golden lamp for the Erechtheum (about 408 B.C.); and that he used
to spoil his works by over-refinement and excessive labour.

CALLIMACHUS, Greek poet and grammarian, a native of Cyrene and a
descendant of the illustrious house of the Battiadae, flourished about
250 B.C. He opened a school in the suburbs of Alexandria, and some of
the most distinguished grammarians and poets were his pupils. He was
subsequently appointed by Ptolemy Philadelphus chief librarian of the
Alexandrian library, which office he held till his death (about 240).
His _Pinakes_ (tablets), in 120 books, a critical and chronologically
arranged catalogue of the library, laid the foundation of a history of
Greek literature. According to Suidas, he wrote about 800 works, in
verse and prose; of these only six hymns, sixty-four epigrams and some
fragments are extant; a considerable fragment of the _Hecale_, an
idyllic epic, has also been discovered in the Rainer papyri (see Kenyon
in _Classical Review_, November 1893). His _Coma Berenices_ is only
known from the celebrated imitation of Catullus. His _Aitia_ (causes)
was a collection of elegiac poems in four books, dealing with the
foundation of cities, religious ceremonies and other customs. According
to Quintilian (_Instit._ x. i. 58) he was the chief of the elegiac
poets; his elegies were highly esteemed by the Romans, and imitated by
Ovid, Catullus and especially Propertius. The extant hymns are extremely
learned, and written in a laboured and artificial style. The epigrams,
some of the best specimens of their kind, have been incorporated in the
Greek Anthology. Art and learning are his chief characteristics,