rrival
of Buddhism, fixed in its form and meaning, and was but subsequently
transferred to the name of Buddha."

XV., pp. 323 seq.

BARLAAM AND JOSAPHAT.

The German traveller von Le Coq has found at Turfan fragments of this
legend in Turki which he published in 1912 in his _Tuerkische Manichaica_,
which agree with the legend given by the Persian Ibn Babawaih of Qum, who
died in 991. (S. d'OLDENBOURG, _Bul. Ac. I. des Sc._, Pet., 1912, pp.
779-781; W. RADLOFF, _Alttuerk. Stud._, VI., zu _Barlaam und Joasaph_).
M.P. Alfaric (_La Vie chretienne du Bouddha, J. Asiatique_, Sept.-Oct.,
1917, pp. 269 seq.; _Rev. de l'Hist. des Religions_, Nov.-Dec., 1918,
pp. 233 seq.) has studied this legend from a Manichaean point of view.

XV., p. 327.

See _La "Vie des Saints Barlaam et Josaphat" et la legende du Bouddha_, in
Vol. I., pp. xxxxvii-lvi, of _Contes populaires de Lorraine_ par Emmanuel
COSQUIN, Paris, Vieweg, n.d. [1886].

XVI., p. 335 n.

TANJORE.

Speaking of Chu-lien (Chola Dominion, Coromandel Coast), Chau Ju-kwa, pp.
93-4, says:--

"The kingdom of Chu-lien is the Southern Yin-tu of the west. To the east
(its capital) is five _li_ distant from the sea; to the west one comes to
Western India (after) 1500 _li_; to the south one comes to Lo-lan (after)
2500 _li_; to the north one comes to Tun-t'ien (after) 3000 _li_."

Hirth and Rockhill remark, p. 98: "Ma Tuan-lin and the _Sung-shi_
reproduce textually this paragraph (the former writer giving erroneously
the distance between the capital and the sea as 5000 _li_). Yule, _Marco
Polo_, II, p. 335, places the principal port of the Chola kingdom at
Kaveripattanam, the 'Pattanam' par excellence of the Coromandel Coast, and
at one of the mouths of the Kaveri. He says that there seems to be some
evidence that the Tanjore ports were, before 1300, visited by Chinese
trade. The only Lo-lan known to mediaeval Chinese is mentioned in the
_T'ang-shu_, 221'8, and is identified with the capital of Bamian, in
Afghanistan. I think our text is corrupt here and that the character _lo_
should be changed to _si_, and that we should read Si-lan, our Ceylon.
Both Ma and the _Sung-shi_ say that 2500 _li_ south-east of Chu-lien was
'Si-lan-ch'i-kuo with which it was at war. Of course the distance
mentioned is absurd, but all figures connected with Chu-lien in Chinese
accounts are inexplicably exaggerated."

XVI., pp. 336-337.

CHINESE PAGODA AT NEGAPATAM.

Sir Walter ELLIOT, K.C.S.