duct.

SPIRIT, THE HOLY, the Divine Spirit manifested in Christ which
descended upon His disciples in all its fulness when, shortly after His
decease, their eyes were opened to see the meaning of His life and their
hearts to feel the power of it.

SPIRITUAL, THE, the fruit of the quickening and abiding action of a
higher principle at the centre of the being, operating so as to suffuse
the whole of it, pervade the whole of it, to its utmost limits, which,
seating itself in the heart of the thoughts and affections, works and
weaves itself into all the life tissues and becomes part and parcel of
the very flesh and blood. No idea, however true, however elevated or
elevating one may feel it, is spiritual till it centralises in the heart
and affects all the issues thereof.

SPIRITUALISM, a term that has two very different meanings, denoting
at one time the doctrine that the only real is the SPIRITUAL (q. v.),
and at another time a belief in the existence of spirits whom we,
by means of certain media, can hold correspondence with, and who, whether
we are conscious of it or not, exercise in some cases an influence over
human destiny, more particularly of the spirits of dead men with whom in
their disembodied state we can by means of certain mediums hold
correspondence, and who, from their continued interest in the world, do
in that state keep watch and ward over its affairs as well as mingle in
them, forming a world of spirits gone from hence, yet more or less active
in the sense world.

SPITHEAD, the eastern portion of the strait which separates the Isle
of Wight from the Hampshire coast, 14 m. long, with an average breadth of
4 m.; is a sheltered and safe riding for ships, and as such is much used
by the British navy; receives its name from a long "spit" of sandbank
jutting out from the mainland. See the _SOLENT_.

SPITZBERGEN, the name of an Arctic archipelago lying 400 m. N. of
Norway, embracing West Spitzbergen (15,260 sq. m.), North-East Land,
Stans Foreland, King Charles land or Wiche Island, Barents Land, Prince
Charles Foreland, besides numerous smaller islands; practically lies
under great fields of ice, enormous glaciers, and drifts of snow, pierced
here and there by mountain peaks, hence the name Spitzbergen; the home of
vast flocks of sea-birds, of polar bears, and Arctic foxes, while herds
of reindeer are attracted to certain parts by a scanty summer vegetation;
there are no permanent inhabitants, b