the two republics of England and Holland; Blake,
commanding the English fleet, defeats De Witt and De Ruyter; he is in
turn surprised by Van Tromp, who captures six English ships, drives the
others up the Thames, and sails the Channel with a broom at the
masthead.

Complete suppression of the Irish rebellion.

Rhode Island legislates to restrict slavery in the Province.

1653. A three-days' naval engagement between the English fleet, under
Blake, and that of the Dutch, under Van Tromp; great victory of the
former.

Cromwell expels the Rump Parliament; assembling of the Barebones
Parliament. Cromwell becomes Protector of the English Commonwealth.

1654. Peace between England and Holland.

Scotland incorporated with the English Commonwealth.

Revolt of the Cossacks against Poland; their leader, Chmielnicki, places
himself under the Russian crown; war ensues between Russia and Poland.

First meeting in London of the Society of Friends.

Nova Scotia conquered by the New England colonists.

Abdication of Queen Christina of Sweden in favor of her cousin, Charles
X.

1655. Dispossession of the Swedish settlers on the Delaware by Peter
Stuyvesant.

The island of Jamaica captured from the Spaniards by the English.

1656. First persecution of Quakers in Massachusetts.

Charles X is joined by Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg,
against the Poles; the Cossacks resume their allegiance to Poland.
Battle of Warsaw, overthrow of the Poles.

An end put to the Portuguese power in Ceylon by the Dutch.

1657. Declination of the English crown by Oliver Cromwell.

Alliance between Austria and Poland against Sweden.

Death of Emperor Ferdinand III; his son, Leopold, inherits Austria,
Bohemia, and Hungary.

1658. Battle of the Dunes; defeat of the Spaniards by the English and
French; Dunkirk, captured from the Spaniards by the French, is secured
to England.

Aurungzebe the Great seizes the Mogul throne in India.

Death of Cromwell; his son Richard becomes Protector.

Election of Leopold I as Emperor of Germany.

1659. Production of Moliere's first comedy. See "MOLIERE CREATES MODERN
COMEDY," xi, 347.

Resignation of Richard Cromwell; formation of a provisional government
by the army in England.

Peace of the Pyrenees between France and Spain.

Conventions of The Hague between England, Holland, and France.

1660. End of Puritan rule in England; restoration of the Stuarts. See
"CROMWELL'S RULE IN ENGLAND