ervoni persuaded him to go as far at least as Toulon,
though Salicetti and Buonaparte himself declared later that they met
and arranged the matter at Nice.

[Footnote 38: The very first impression appears to have
been a reprint from the Courier d'Avignon: it was a
cheap pamphlet of sixteen pages in the same type and on
the paper as that used by the journal. The second
impression was in twenty pages, printed by the public
printer as a tract for the times, to be distributed
throughout the near and remote neighborhood.]

In this interval, while Buonaparte remained, according to the best
authority, within reach of Avignon, securing artillery supplies and
writing a political pamphlet in support of the Jacobins, Carteaux had,
on August twenty-fifth, 1793, taken Marseilles. The capture was
celebrated by one of the bloodiest orgies of that horrible year. The
Girondists of Toulon saw in the fate of those at Marseilles the lot
apportioned to themselves. If the high contracting powers now banded
against France had shown a sincere desire to quell Jacobin bestiality,
they could on the first formation of the coalition easily have seized
Paris. Instead, Austria and Prussia had shown the most selfish apathy
in that respect, bargaining with each other and with Russia for their
respective shares of Poland, the booty they were about to seize. The
intensity of the Jacobin movement did not rouse them until the
majority of the French people, vaguely grasping the elements of
permanent value in the Revolution, and stung by foreign interference,
rallied around the only standard which was firmly upheld,--that of the
Convention,--and enabled that body within an incredibly short space
of time to put forth tremendous energy. Then England, terrified into
panic, drove Pitt to take effective measures, and displayed her
resources in raising subsidies for her Continental allies, in goading
the German powers to activity, in scouring every sea with her fleets.
One of these was cruising off the French coast in the Mediterranean,
and it was easy for the Girondists of Toulon to induce its commander
to seize not only their splendid arsenals, but the fleet in their
harbor as well--the only effective one, in fact, which at that time
the French possessed. Without delay or hesitation, Hood, the English
admiral, grasped the easy prize, and before long war-ships of th