A. Saving in water; saving in fuel; increased boiler capacity and a more
powerful locomotive. Superheated steam does away entirely with all
condensation in the cylinders, while saturated steam coming in contact
with passages in cylinder saddle and walls of cylinders, is immediately
cooled and in cooling, a part of it is changed back into water which
affects the pressure and therefore its capacity to do work.

3. Q. How is the saving in water produced?

A. By the elimination of all cylinder condensation present in saturated
steam locomotives and the increase in volume of a given weight of steam.

4. Q. How is the saving in coal accomplished?

A. Because there is less steam used to do the same amount of work, there
is less water evaporated and consequently less coal required to
evaporate the water.

5. Q. How is the increased boiler capacity obtained?

A. A boiler will evaporate a certain amount of water into steam and if
part of the steam is lost by condensation, only that remaining is
available for running the engine. Superheating eliminates the losses,
thereby increasing the available useful steam. Further, superheating
increases the volume of a given weight of steam, thereby reducing the
consumption of steam required to develop a certain power and
consequently increases the capacity.

6. Q. How is a more powerful engine obtained?

A. By reason of the increased boiler capacity an engine may be worked
farther down before a steam failure occurs.

7. Q. What type of fire tube superheater is in most general use in
locomotive service?

A. The top header fire tube type, known as the "Schmidt Superheater." A
system of units located in large flues through which the steam passes on
its way from the dry pipe to the steam pipes, and a damper mechanism
which controls the flow of gases through the large flues.

8. Q. Describe the construction and location of the header.

A. The header is a simple casting, divided by partition walls into
saturated and superheated steam passages. It is located between the dry
pipe and the steam pipes, the same as the nigger head in a saturated
locomotive. The dry pipe is in communication with the saturated steam
passages and the steam pipes with the superheated steam passages and
these are in communication with each other through the superheated
units.

9. Q. Describe the construction of superheater units and their
connection to the header.

A. The units are composed of four seamle