king and smoking
results from water being mixed with the oil. If this is the case, it
should be drained out of the oil tank immediately.

29. Q. How should the dampers be used on an oil burning locomotive?

A. They should be opened just enough to admit sufficient air to produce
perfect combustion, but not enough to cool the fire-box. The dampers
should be closed when the engine is drifting or when at rest and the
fire is cut very low or is out entirely.

30. Q. About how much smoke do you consider an oil burning locomotive
should make under adverse conditions, when the engine is steaming well,
but is being crowded by the engineer?

A. Only a light smoke should show at the stack.

31. Q. What color is most desirable at peep holes in the fire-box?

A. A white color is most desirable.

32. Q. What will produce the bright red color?

A. Leaky steam pipes, side seams, flues and improper combustion will
produce a ruddy color in the fire-box.

33. Q. How does water in the oil affect the fire?

A. Water in the oil will produce popping or kicking with the fire in the
fire-box and at times the fire will die down entirely and then flash up
as the water disappears and the oil reaches the burner. The most
noticeable result of water in the oil is the fact that the fire will get
very low. It will almost go out entirely and then will suddenly flash up
again as the oil appears. Water in the oil produces a very dangerous
condition and should be prevented immediately by draining the water from
the fuel oil tank.

34. Q. Do you consider it advisable to keep the burners clean, and how
often?

A. When equipped with steam blow-out pipes, they should be blown out
before commencing trip so that burners will distribute oil evenly to
each side of fire-box.

35. Q. What position should burner be with reference to level and in
line with center of fire-box?

A. It is very essential that burners be level and throw flames just to
clear floor of arch in order to derive full benefit of heating surface,
as the draft has a great tendency to elevate flames, at opposite end of
the fire-box.

36. Q. Are you aware that in course of time the atomizer port will
become worn too large and will discharge too large a volume of steam to
properly atomize, and the remedy?

A. Yes; the lip or bushing should be closed to proper opening so that
steam will be restricted at the nozzle and escape with a bursting effect
to properly atomize the oil instea