but not one of the twenty-one children
referred to had the slightest touch of the disease.

In Sweden, the average number of deaths in each year from smallpox per
million inhabitants was:

Before the introduction of vaccination (1774-1801), 1,973;
During the period of optional vaccination (1802-1816), 479;
And during the period of obligatory vaccination (1817-1877), 189.

Vaccination was introduced in England near the beginning of the nineteenth
century, and since 1853 compulsory vaccination has been attempted. In
England the number of deaths in each year from smallpox per one million
inhabitants was:

At the close of the eighteenth century, 3,000.
From 1841 to 1853 (average), 304.
From 1854 to 1863 (average), 171.

Smallpox entirely prevented by re-vaccination.--In the Bavarian army re-
vaccination has been compulsory since 1843. From that date till 1857, not
even a single case of unmodified smallpox occurred, nor a single death
from smallpox. During the year of duty, Dr. Marson, physician of the
London Smallpox Hospital, has never observed a single case of smallpox in
the officers and employees of the hospital, who are re-vaccinated when
they enter the service, and who are constantly exposed to the infection.

"Out of more than 10,000 children vaccinated at Brussels with animal
lymph, from 1865 to 1870, and who went through the terrible epidemic of
smallpox, which in 1870 and 1871 frightened the world, not a single one
was to my knowledge reported as being attacked by the disease. The same
immunity was shared by those, a much larger number, whom I had
re-vaccinated and who at the same time were living in epidemic
centers."--Dr. Warlemont, of Brussels.

[INFECTIOUS DISEASES 205]

Who should be Vaccinated.--Everybody, old and young, for his own interest,
and that he may not become a breeding place for the distribution of
smallpox to others, should seek that protection from smallpox which is
afforded by vaccination alone. It is believed that all persons except
those mentioned in the following paragraph may, if the operation is
properly performed, at the proper time, and with pure bovine virus, be
vaccinated with perfect safety to themselves. Even those who have had
smallpox should be vaccinated, for otherwise they may take the disease;
and it seems to be proved that a larger proportion, of those who have
smallpox a second time, die than of those who have the