rn in A.D. 1592, married in 1612, and died July 7, 1631 (o.s.),
at Burhanpur in the Deccan. After a delay of six months her remains
were removed to Agra, and there rested six months longer at a spot in
the Taj gardens still remembered, until her tomb was sufficiently
advanced for the final interment. Her titles were Mumtaz-i-Mahall,
'Exalted in the Palace'; Qudsia Begam, and Nawab Aliya Begam. She
bore her husband eight sons and six daughters, fourteen children in
all, of whom seven were alive at the time of her death. The child
whose birth cost the mother's life was Gauharara Begam, who survived
for many years (Irvine, _Storia do Mogor_, iv. 425). Beale wrongly
gives her name as Dahar Ara.

Shah Jahan, two years before his union with Arjumand Bano Begam, had
been married to a Persian princess, by whom he had a daughter who
died young. Five and a half years after his marriage to Arjumand Bano
Begam, he espoused a third wife, daughter of Shah Nawaz Khan, by whom
he had a son, who died in infancy. This third marriage was dictated
by motives of policy, and did not impair the Emperor's devotion to
his favourite consort (Muh. Latif, _Agra_, p. 101).

11. The testimony of Tavernier is doubtless correct if understood as
referring to the whole complex of buildings connected with the
mausoleum. He visited Agra several times. He left India in January,
1654, returning to the country in 1659. Work on the Taj began in
1632, and so appears to have been completed about the close of, 1653
(Tavernier, _Travels_, transl. Ball, vol. i, pp. xxi, xxii, 25, 110,
142, 149). The latest dated inscription, that of the calligraphist
Amanat Khan at the entrance to the domed mausoleum, was recorded in
the twelfth year of the reign, A.H. 1048, equivalent to A.D. 1638-9.
That year may be taken as the date of the completion of the mausoleum
itself, as distinguished from the great mass of supplementary
structures.

12. Various records of the cost differ enormously, apparently because
they refer to different things. If all the buildings and the vast
value of the materials be included, the highest estimate, namely,
four and a half millions of pounds sterling, in round numbers, is not
excessive (_H.F.A._, 1911, p. 415) The figures are recorded with
minute accuracy as 411 lakhs, 48,826 rupees, 7 annas, and 6 pies. A
_karor_ (crore) is 100 lakhs, or 10 millions.

13. The enclosure occupies a space of more than forty-two acres.

14. This statement, tho