affic,
although of limited overall value

Pipelines: crude oil 1,703 km; petroleum products 2,148 km;
natural gas 19,400 km

Ports and harbors: Augusta (Sicily), Bagnoli, Bari, Brindisi,
Gela, Genoa, La Spezia, Livorno, Milazzo, Naples, Porto Foxi, Porto
Torres (Sardinia), Salerno, Savona, Taranto, Trieste, Venice

Merchant marine:
total: 393 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,982,870
GRT/8,413,850 DWT
ships by type: bulk 38, cargo 46, chemical tanker 60, combination
ore/oil 2, container 16, liquefied gas tanker 35, livestock carrier
1, multifunction large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 84, passenger 6,
roll-on/roll-off cargo 53, short-sea passenger 28, specialized
tanker 12, vehicle carrier 11 (1998 est.)

Airports: 136 (1998 est.)

Airports--with paved runways:
total: 97
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 33
1,524 to 2,437 m: 17
914 to 1,523 m: 30
under 914 m: 12 (1998 est.)

Airports--with unpaved runways:
total: 39
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 19
under 914 m: 18 (1998 est.)

Heliports: 2 (1998 est.)

Military

Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Carabinieri

Military manpower--military age: 18 years of age

Military manpower--availability:
males age 15-49: 14,142,889 (1999 est.)

Military manpower--fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 12,200,780 (1999 est.)

Military manpower--reaching military age annually:
males: 315,952 (1999 est.)

Military expenditures--dollar figure: $21.095 billion (FY97)

Military expenditures--percent of GDP: 1.9% (1995)

Transnational Issues

Disputes--international: Italy and Slovenia made progress in
resolving bilateral issues; Croatia and Italy made progress toward
resolving a bilateral issue dating from World War II over property
and ethnic minority rights

Illicit drugs: important gateway for and consumer of Latin
American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European
market

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@Jamaica
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Geography

Location: Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, south of Cuba

Geographic coordinates: 18 15 N, 77 30 W

Map references: Central America and the Caribbean

Area:
total: 10,990 sq km
land: 10,830 sq km
water: 160 sq km

Area--comparative: slightly smaller than Connecticut

Land boundaries: 0 km

Coastline: 1,022 km

Maritime claims: