rocks as affording a
more reasonable explanation of the occurrence of strata with newer fossils
amid those containing older ones. Other geologists subsequently questioned
the doctrine of "Colonies." In 1880 Dr J. E. Marr, from a personal study in
the field, brought forward evidence to show that the repetitions of the
fossiliferous strata on which the "Colonies" were based were due to faults.
The later stages of Barrande, F, G and H, have since been shown by Emanuel
Friedrich Heinrich Kayser (b. 1845) to be Devonian.

Despite these modifications in the original groupings of the strata, it is
recognized that Barrande "made Bohemia classic ground for the study of the
oldest fossiliferous formations." He died at Frohsdorf on the 5th of
October 1883.

See "Sketch of the Life of Joachim Barrande," _Geol. Mag._ (1883), p. 529
(with portrait).

BARRANQUILLA, a city and port of Colombia, South America, capital of a
province of the same name in the department of Atlantico, on the left bank
of the Magdalena river about 7 m. above its mouth and 18-1/2 m. by rail
from its seaport, Puerto Colombia. Pop. (est. 1902) 31,000. Owing to a
dangerous bar at the mouth of the Magdalena the trade of the extensive
territory tributary to that river, which is about 60% of that of the entire
country, must pass in great part through Barranquilla and its seaport,
making it the principal commercial centre of the republic. Savanilla was
used as a seaport until about 1890, when shoals caused by drifting sands
compelled a removal to Puerto Colombia, a short distance westward, where a
steel pier, 4000 ft. in length, has been constructed to facilitate the
handling of freight. The navigation of the Magdalena is carried on by means
of light-draught steamboats which ascend to Yeguas, 14 m. below Honda,
where goods are transhipped by rail to the latter place, and thence by pack
animals to Bogota, or by smaller boats to points farther up the river.
Barranquilla was originally founded in 1629, but attracted no attention as
a commercial centre until about the middle of the 19th century, when
efforts were initiated to secure the trade passing through Cartagena. The
city is built on a low plain, is regularly laid out, and has many fine
warehouses, public buildings and residences, but its greater part, however,
consists of mud-walled cabins supported by bamboo (_guadua_) framework and
thatched with rushes. The water-supply is drawn from the Magdalena, and the
cit