1559. A new act of supremacy passed in England, firmly establishing
Protestantism.

Treaty of peace (Cateau-Cambrecis) between England, France, and Spain.

Iconoclastic outbreaks in Scotland, due to the teachings of John Knox.
See "JOHN KNOX HEADS THE SCOTTISH REFORMERS," X, 21.

Institution of the papal _Index Librorum Prohibitorum_.

1560. Conspiracy of Amboise, by the Huguenots, for the overthrow of the
Guises, in France; death of Francis II, Charles IX succeeds; Catherine
de' Medici controls the government as regent. Arrest of Conde.

Queen Elizabeth of England and the Scottish Reformers conclude a pact
of alliance. Death of the Regent, Mary of Guise; Mary Stuart and her
husband, Francis II, arrange the treaty of Edinburgh with Elizabeth
and the Reformers. Passing by the Scotch Parliament of the Statutes of
Reformation.

1561. Queen Mary Stuart returns to Scotland. See "MARY STUART: HER REIGN
AND EXECUTION," X, 51.

Rebellion of Shane O'Neil in Ireland.

Edict against the Reformers, now called Huguenots; Conde and Coligny
prepare to take up arms.

1562. Submission and pardon of Shane O'Neil.

Edict of St. Germain; it grants toleration to the Huguenots; massacre of
Huguenots at Vassy and other cities; defeat of the Huguenot army under
Conde and Coligny.

Attempted settlement of the Huguenots on the coast of South Carolina.

1563. Assassination of the Duc de Guise at the siege of Orleans.

Publication of the Thirty-nine Articles in England.[1]

[1] See 1552.

Publication by the Calvinists of the Heidelberg Catechism.

Beginning of the construction of the Escurial, Spain, by Philip II.

1564. Death of Ferdinand I; Maximilian II succeeds in the German empire,
the archduchy of Austria, Hungary, and Bohemia.

Settlement of a Huguenot colony on the St. John's River, Florida. See
"FOUNDING OF ST. AUGUSTINE," X, 70.

Birth of Shakespeare.

1565. Marriage of Queen Mary Stuart with Darnley. See "MARY STUART: HER
REIGN AND EXECUTION," X, 51.

Brilliant defence of Malta by La Valette against the Turks, led by
Mustapha Pacha.

Massacre of the Huguenots in Florida. See "FOUNDING OF ST. AUGUSTINE,"
X, 70.

1566. A petition of rights presented to the Regent by nobles of the
Netherlands. See "REVOLT OF THE NETHERLANDS AGAINST SPAIN," X, 81.

Moscow sacked by the Crim Tartars.

Murder of Rizzio by Darnley. See "MARY STUART: HER REIGN AND EXECUTION,"
X, 51.

1567. Defeat and