ouble. But as want of money
proved the weakness of earlier expeditions, so from the same cause
even the one in question, more famous than its predecessors, may be
pronounced on the evidence of what it effected to have been inferior to
its renown and to the current opinion about it formed under the tuition
of the poets.

Even after the Trojan War, Hellas was still engaged in removing and
settling, and thus could not attain to the quiet which must precede
growth. The late return of the Hellenes from Ilium caused many
revolutions, and factions ensued almost everywhere; and it was the
citizens thus driven into exile who founded the cities. Sixty years
after the capture of Ilium, the modern Boeotians were driven out of
Arne by the Thessalians, and settled in the present Boeotia, the former
Cadmeis; though there was a division of them there before, some of whom
joined the expedition to Ilium. Twenty years later, the Dorians and the
Heraclids became masters of Peloponnese; so that much had to be done
and many years had to elapse before Hellas could attain to a durable
tranquillity undisturbed by removals, and could begin to send out
colonies, as Athens did to Ionia and most of the islands, and the
Peloponnesians to most of Italy and Sicily and some places in the rest
of Hellas. All these places were founded subsequently to the war with
Troy.

But as the power of Hellas grew, and the acquisition of wealth became
more an object, the revenues of the states increasing, tyrannies were
by their means established almost everywhere--the old form of government
being hereditary monarchy with definite prerogatives--and Hellas began
to fit out fleets and apply herself more closely to the sea. It is said
that the Corinthians were the first to approach the modern style of
naval architecture, and that Corinth was the first place in Hellas where
galleys were built; and we have Ameinocles, a Corinthian shipwright,
making four ships for the Samians. Dating from the end of this war, it
is nearly three hundred years ago that Ameinocles went to Samos. Again,
the earliest sea-fight in history was between the Corinthians and
Corcyraeans; this was about two hundred and sixty years ago, dating from
the same time. Planted on an isthmus, Corinth had from time out of mind
been a commercial emporium; as formerly almost all communication between
the Hellenes within and without Peloponnese was carried on overland, and
the Corinthian territory was the high