e length of the year, ii. 41.

Al Beithar, a Moorish writer on botany, ii. 39.

Albertus Magnus constructs a brazen man, ii. 116.
His extensive acquirements, ii. 153.

Alberuni, a Moorish writer on gems, ii. 39.

Albigensian revolt, ii. 147.

Albucasis, a skilful surgeon of Cordova, ii. 39.

Alby, edict of Council of, against the Jewish physicians, ii. 125.

Al-Cawthor, river of, mentioned in the Koran, i. 346.

Alchemists, Saracenic, i. 409.

Alchemists, minor, of England, France, and Germany, ii. 155.

Alchemy, theory and object of, i. 406.

Alcuin, a Benedictine monk, founded the University of Paris, i. 437.

Alemanni, Christianized at the beginning of the sixth century, i. 365.

Alexander, Bishop of Constantinople, his controversy with Arius, i. 285.

Alexander II. excommunicates the Bishop of Milan, ii. 17.

Alexander IV., Pope, he endeavours to destroy the "Everlasting
Gospel," ii. 78.

Alexander of Aphrodisais, his principles and tendencies, i. 259.

Alexander the Great, his invasion of Persia, i. 171.
His character, i. 174.

Alexandria, foundation of, i. 173.
Political state of, i. 200.
Decline of the school of, i. 204.
Description of, i. 323.
Its capture, i. 334.

"Alexiad" of Anna Comnena, ii. 59.

Algazzali, his writings and doctrines, ii. 50.

Alhakem, Khalif, his extensive library, ii. 32.

Alhazen discovers atmospheric refraction, ii. 42.
Review of, ii. 45.
His conclusions on the extent of the atmosphere confirmed, ii. 367.

Ali, believed by the Shiites to be an incarnation of God, i. 347.
His patronage of literature carried out by his successors, ii. 36.

Alineations, employed by Hipparchus in making a register of the
stars, i. 202.

Alliacus, Cardinal, the five memoirs of, ii. 254.

Almagest, of Ptolemy, description of, i. 203.
Translated by Averroes, ii. 67.

Almaimon, his letter to the Emperor Theophilus, ii. 40.
Determines the obliquity of the ecliptic, ii. 41.
Also the size of the earth, ii. 41.
His accuracy confirmed by the measurements of Fernel, ii. 255.

Almansor patronizes learned men irrespective of their religious
opinions, i. 336.

Alps, upheaval of, i. 31.

Al-Sirat bridge, spoken of in the Koran, i. 346.

Alwalid I., Khalif, prohibits the use of Greek, i. 339.

Amadeus, elected "Pope Felix V.," ii. 103.

Amber br