tes hydraulics, ii. 285.
Lays the foundation of hydraulics, ii. 390.

Casuistry, development of, ii. 66.

Catalogue of stars contained in the Almagest of Ptolemy, i. 203.

Catasterisims of Eratosthenes, i. 196.

Catastrophe, insufficiency of a single, ii. 316.
Doctrine of, ii. 323.

Cato causes Carneades to be expelled from Rome, i. 164.

Celibacy of clergy insisted on by the monks, i. 426.
Necessity of, ii. 16.

Celt, sorcery of the, i. 34.

Cerebral sight, important religious result of, i. 430.

Cerinthus, his opinion of the nature of Christ, i. 270.

Chadizah, the wife of Mohammed, i. 330, 337.

Chakia Mouni, meaning of the name, i. 67.
The founder of Buddhism, i. 342.

Chalcedon, Council of, i. 297.
It determines the relation of the two natures of Christ, i. 299.

Chaldee notions give rise to the black art, i. 404.

Chalons, battle of, i. 350.

Charlemagne, his influence in the conversion of Europe, i. 364.
Disapproves of idolatry, i. 368.
Developes the policy of his father Pepin, i. 371.
Is crowned Emperor of the West, i. 371.
The immorality of his private life, i. 374.

Charles Martel gains the battle of Tours, i. 368.
His relations to the Church, i. 369.
Pope Gregory III. seeks his aid, i. 423.

Charms, the source of their supposed power, i. 403.

Chemistry, fetichism of, i. 101.
Pythagorean, i. 116.
Scientific, cultivated by the Arabs, i. 408.
Progress of, ii. 374.

Chilperic II. permitted to retain his title, i. 369.

Chilperic III. deposed and shut up in the convent of St. Omer, i. 370.

China, her policy, ii. 395.

Chinese Buddhism, i. 72, 74.

Chosroes II., his successes, i. 328.
The effect of his wars on commerce, i. 337.

Christian reply to the accusation of the Pagans, i. 301.

Christianity, influence of Roman, i. 241.
Debased in Rome, i. 264.
Distinction between, and ecclesiastical organizations, i. 267.
Its first organization, i. 269.
Three modifications of, i. 271.
Judaic, i. 271.
Gnostic, i. 273.
Platonic, i. 273.
Spreads from Syria, i. 274.
Antagonizes imperialism, i. 275.
Its persecutions, i. 277.
Hellenized, i. 290.
Paganization of, i. 309.
Expelled from Palestine, Asia Minor, Egypt, and Carthage, i. 332.
Paganisms of, i. 359.
Allied to art, i. 359.

Chronology of Eratosthenes, i