2" material, 10 inches long.
This has at least four steps (17), each step being 2 inches long. A
wedge 1-3/8 inches thick, 10 inches long, and tapering from 2 inches to
1-3/8 inches, completes the tail-stock.

THE TOOL REST.--This is the most difficult part of the whole lathe, as
it must be rigid, and so constructed that it has a revolvable motion as
well as being capable of a movement to and from the material in the
lathe.

Select a good 4" x 4" scantling (M), 14 inches long, as shown in Fig.
243. Two inches from one end cut a cross gain (I), 1-1/2 inches deep and
1 inch wide, and round off the upper edge, as at 2.

Then prepare a piece (N), 1 inch thick, 8 inches wide, and 10 inches
long. Round off the upper edge to form a nose, and midway between its
ends cut a cross gain 4 inches wide and 1-1/2 inches deep. The lower
margin may be cut away, at an angle on each side of the gain. All that
is necessary now is to make a block (O), 8 inches long, rounded on one
edge, and a wedge (P).

[Illustration: _Fig 243. Tool Rest._]

A leather belt or strap (Q), 1-1/2 inches wide, formed into a loop, as
shown in the perspective view (R), serves as a means for holding the
rest rigidly when the wedge is driven in.

MATERIALS.--Then procure the following bolts:

4-3/8" bolts, 10" long.
8-3/8" '' 6" ''
20-3/8" '' 5" ''
5-3/8" '' 9" ''

THE MANDREL.--A piece of steel tubing (S), No. 10 gage, 3/4 inch in
diameter, 11-1/2 inches long, will be required for the mandrel. Get a
blacksmith, if a machine shop is not convenient, to put a fixed center
(1) in one end, and a removable centering member (2) in the other end.

On this mandrel place a collar (3), held by a set screw, and alongside
of it a pair of pulleys, each 1-1/2 inches wide, one of them, being,
say, 2 inches in diameter, and the other 3 inches. This mandrel is held
in position by means of the posts of the frame which carry the split
journal bearings. This form of bearing will make a durable lathe, free
from chattering, as the bolts can be used for tightening the mandrel
whenever they wear.

[Illustration: _Fig. 244. Mandrel._]

The center point (1) is designed to rest against a metal plate (4)
bolted to the wooden post, as shown in the large drawing.

FLY-WHEEL.--It now remains only to provide a fly-wheel and treadle with
the communicating belt. The fly-wheel may be of any convenient size, or
it may be some discarded pu