ct to be so interested,
and the same as to their wives and children--under the penalty for
forswearing, besides loss of office, being rendered incapable of
holding any other office, and being required to pay double for what
they have taken. They shall take great care not to converse much or
be very familiar with advocates or attorneys who are pleading cases.

31. _Item_: We command that our president and auditors shall not
be engaged in military expeditions, or expeditions of discovery,
without my express command. They shall have no income-bearing estates
[_granjerias_] either in cattle or in arable land, or in mines. They
shall carry on no mercantile business by themselves, or in partnership,
or through intermediaries; nor shall they avail themselves of the
services of Indians in procuring water or wood or grass, or for other
purposes on pain of being deprived of their offices.

32. _Item_: There shall be appointed to no position as corregidor
or other officer of justice the son, brother, father-in-law,
son-in-law, or brother-in-law of any president, auditor, or fiscal
of our audiencias; and if any one shall be so appointed he shall not
perform the duties of the office, under a penalty of a thousand pesos
of gold for our treasury.

33. _Item_: We command that when any person desires to bring any suit
or action against any of our auditors he may do so before our said
Audiencia, or before the alcaldes-in-ordinary, and he may appeal from
the said alcaldes to the said Audiencia.

34. _Item_: We ordain that when any auditor is offered as a witness
the Audiencia shall appoint a magistrate, in order that the rights
of the parties may not be lost for want of evidence; and they shall
give direction that he is to give his testimony, unless it shall
appear that he is offered as a witness maliciously to prevent him
from acting as judge in the case.

35. _Item_: We command that an auditor who goes on a tour of inspection
shall receive no more fees than are ordained and commanded to be given
him, and shall accept nothing from Indians or Spaniards except food,
on penalty of repaying it fourfold.

36. _Item_: We command that our president of the said Audiencia shall
try criminal charges against the auditors thereof jointly with the
alcaldes-in-ordinary, notwithstanding the ordinance to the contrary.

37. Further, in case of inability of the president of the said
Audiencia of such nature that he cannot carry on the functions of