ass judgment on the policy of a friendly nation
unless it should be to affirm publicly the everlasting principles of
international justice, declares that:

1st. "The responsibility of the war which is now devastating South
Africa lies with the Government which refused several times to
countenance arbitration, that is with the British Government.

2nd. "The English Government by ignoring the principles of right
and justice, which have been the glory of the great British nation,
_i.e._, by refusing to arbitrate and indulging in threats which
were bound fatally to lead to war, whereas the difficulties might
have been solved by judicial means, has committed an outrage
against the rights of nations, of such a nature as to check the
pacific evolutions of humanity.

3rd. "The Congress equally regrets that, the majority of the
Governments represented at the Hague Conference, had not taken any
steps to assure the respect of resolutions which were to them an
undertaking of honour.

4th. "The Congress considers that it is advisable to appeal to
public opinion as regards the Transvaal.

5th. "The Congress expresses its profound sympathy and admiration
to the English members of the Congress for the manliness of their
declarations, and it hopes that under similar circumstances their
example will be followed by other nations."

Mr. Jaffe, of London, alluding to public opinion in England, said that
arbitration could only be resorted to by sovereign powers, that the
Transvaal was not a sovereign power, and also that any judgment arrived
at by arbitration on the various points in dispute between England and
the Transvaal, would have been difficult to execute. Mr. Jaffe referred
to the approval, almost unanimous, with which the war was looked upon
in England and her Colonies; it had provoked great enthusiasm, and it
would be a mistake to hurt the feelings of a whole nation.

The wording of the resolution as proposed by the Commission was adopted
by all the members but one.

Mr. Lafontaine, Belgium, proposed to add another resolution which ran as
follows:

"The congress hopes that the crime or to use the corrected phrase,
the error of depriving the South African Republics of their
existence and independence will not be committed definitely; it
makes an earnest appeal to civilised governments to intervene as