opposition cannot be learnt but from their intermediates, of
which concubinage is one; but as there are two kinds of concubinage,
which are to be carefully distinguished, therefore this section, like
the foregoing, shall be arranged into its distinct parts as follows; I.
_There are two kinds of concubinage, which differ exceedingly from each
other, the one conjointly with a wife, the other apart from a wife._ II.
_Concubinage conjointly with a wife, is altogether unlawful for
Christians, and detestable._ III. _That it is polygamy which has been
condemned, and is to be condemned, by the Christian world._ IV. _It is
an adultery whereby the conjugial principle, which is the most precious
jewel of the Christian life, is destroyed._ V. _Concubinage apart from a
wife, when it is engaged in from causes legitimate, just, and truly
excusatory, is not unlawful._ VI. _The legitimate causes of this
concubinage are the legitimate causes of divorce, while the wife is
nevertheless retained at home._ VII. _The just causes of this
concubinage are the just causes of reparation from the bed._ VIII. _Of
the excusatory causes of this concubinage some are real and some not._
IX. _The really excusatory causes are such as are grounded in what is
just._ X. _The excusatory causes which are not real are such as are not
grounded in what is just, although in the appearance of what is just._
XI. _Those who from causes legitimate, just, and really excusatory, are
engaged in this concubinage, may at the same time be principled in
conjugial love._ XII. _While this concubinage continues, actual
connection with a wife is not allowable._ We proceed to an explanation
of each article.

463. I. THERE ARE TWO KINDS OF CONCUBINAGE, WHICH DIFFER EXCEEDINGLY
FROM EACH OTHER, THE ONE CONJOINTLY WITH A WIFE, THE OTHER APART FROM A
WIFE. That there are two kinds of concubinage, which differ exceedingly
from each other, and that the one kind consists in taking a substituted
partner to the bed and living conjointly and at the same time with her
and with a wife; and that the other kind is when, after a legitimate and
just separation from a wife, a man engages a woman in her stead as a
bed-fellow; also that these two kinds of concubinage differ as much from
each other as dirty linen from clean, may be seen by those who take a
clear and distinct view of things, but not by those whose view of things
is confused and indistinct: yea, it may be seen by those who are in
conj