pe.

III. South-east of England.

IV. Mountains of Scotland, Cumberland, }
and Wales. } Scandinavian type.

V. General Flora. Germanic type.

Professor Forbes points out, in connection with the plants of the
Germanic type, that the fauna accompanying this flora presents the same
peculiarities and diminishes westward and to the north. This type
includes, therefore, almost all the species which can be shown to have
come to us directly from the east, few if any of which have penetrated
to Ireland.

On a previous occasion, the same author had divided the British Islands
into ten districts, according to the distribution of their molluscan
fauna. These are--

I. The Channel Isles.
II. South-east of England (including Cambridgeshire).
III. South-west of England.
IV. North-east of England.
V. North-west of England (including Isle of Man).
VI. North of Ireland.
VII. South of Ireland.
VIII. South of Scotland.
IX. North of Scotland.
X. Shetland Isles.

In a short paper on this subject (_b_, p. 5), I have shown that some of
these districts are founded on erroneous data, whilst, with the
knowledge now at our disposal, others can no longer be maintained as
distinct. I thought then that the molluscan fauna warranted a division
of the British Islands into the following two provinces:--

I. England and Wales (except the South-west).
II. South-west of England and Wales and the whole of Ireland and
Scotland.

The second district contains some species of molluscs which are almost
entirely absent from the first, such as _Geomalacus maculosus_,
_Testacella Maugei_, _Helix pisana_, _Helix revelata_, _Helix acuta_,
and _Pupa ringens_. These are all of Lusitanian origin, and do not occur
in Central Europe. Scotland alone cannot be classed as a separate
province, since it does not contain a single species peculiar to itself.
But, along with Ireland and the South-west of England and Wales, it is
distinguished from the remainder of these countries by the almost total
absence of what have been called Germanic types.

A French conchologist, the late Dr. Fischer, dealt with the British
molluscan fauna in a somewhat similar spirit (p. 57). He divided the
British area into two districts, but these differ from mine in so far as
the South-west of England and Wales and the West of Ireland form one;
the remainder of England and I