lso Juan de la Concepcion's Historia de Philipinas, viii,
pp. 3-16, 135-144, and ix, pp. 123-150; from a copy in possession of
the Editors.

4. Appendix: Moro pirates.--From Combes's Historia de Mindanao, Iolo,
etc.; Murillo Velarde's Historia de Philipinas; Diaz's Conquistas;
and other works, as is fully indicated in the text.

APPENDIX: MORO PIRATES

Moro pirates and their raids in the seventeenth century.

Sources: This account is compiled from various historians--Combes,
Murillo Velarde, Diaz, Concepcion, and Montero y Vidalas is fully
indicated in the text.

Translation: This is made by Emma Helen Blair.

MORO PIRATES AND THEIR RAIDS IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

I

[In previous volumes have appeared various accounts of the piratical
raids made, down to 1640, by the Mahometan Malays of Mindanao and other
southern islands against the Spaniards and the native tribes whom
they had subjected in the northern islands. A very brief outline of
that information is here presented, with citations of volumes where
it appears, as a preliminary to some further account which shall
summarize this subject for the remainder of the seventeenth century.]

[When Legazpi first explored the Philippines, he sent some of his
officers to open up trade with Mindanao, then reputed to be rich in
gold and cinnamon (Vol. II, pp. 116-118, 147, 154, 209, 210). At
the outset, much jealousy arose among the Spaniards against the
Mahometan Malays (whom they called Moros) of that and other islands
in the southern part of the Eastern archipelago, for two reasons--the
Moros were "infidels," and they far excelled the Spaniards as traders
(Vol. II, pp. 156, 159, 186, 187; IV, pp. 66, 151, 174). Moreover,
the natives were everywhere hostile to the Spaniards because the
Portuguese representing themselves to be Castilians, had previously
made cruel raids on some of those islands, notably Bohol (Vol. II,
pp. 117, 184, 207, 208, 229; III, p. 46). In that first year, 1565, a
Bornean vessel was captured by the Spaniards, after a desperate fight;
but hostilities then went no further (Vol. II, pp. 116, 206). The
Moros of the Rio Grande of Mindanao proffered (1574) their submission
to the Spanish power, apparently being in some awe of it (Vol. III,
p. 275). Governor Sande had expansive ideas of Spanish dominion, and
in 1578-79 undertook an expedition for the subjugation of Borneo,
Mindanao, and Jolo; he obtained a temporary