success, but the Moros
again asserted their independence as soon as the Spaniards departed
(Vol. IV, pp. 125, 130, 148-303; XV, pp. 54, 132). This expedition
was partly caused by piratical raids made by the Borneans (Vol. IV,
pp. 151, 153, 154, 159; VI, p. 183), and the Joloans (Vol. IV,
pp. 176, 236) against the northern islands. Apparently this punishment
intimidated the Moros for a time; the next important raid by them was
in 1595 (Vol. IX, p. 196; XI, p. 266). In 1591 Esteban Rodriguez de
Figueroa had made a contract with Gomez P. Dasmarinas for the conquest
of Mindanao (Vol. VIII, pp. 73-77). The island had then been partly
explored and much of it assigned to Spaniards in repartimiento; some
of these allotments are mentioned in Vol. VIII, pp. 127, 128, 132
(a list of those bestowed in 1571 is found in the Pastells edition of
Colin's Labor evangelica, i, p. 157, note 1). Instructions were given
to Figueroa on November 13, 1595 (Vol. IX, pp. 181-188), and in the
following spring he set out with an armed force; but hardly had he
begun the campaign when he was slain by a Moro (Vol. IX, pp. 195, 196,
263-265, 276, 277; XV, pp. 89-93; XVI, pp. 270-272). Juan de Ronquillo
succeeded him, and for the time "pacified" the hostile Moros (Vol. IX,
pp. 281-298; X, pp. 41, 42, 49, 168, 169, 214, 215; XI, p. 236; XV,
pp. 95-100; XVI, pp. 273, 274); see his own report of the campaign
(Vol. X, pp. 53-74) and Tello's (Vol. X, pp. 219-226; cf. Vol. XI,
pp. 135-139). In 1599 the Spanish fort at La Caldera was dismantled
(Vol. XI, pp. 138, 139, 237; XV, pp. 190, 191); this emboldened the
Moros to renew their piracies, and from 1600 on they harassed the
Visayan Islands and even Luzon--not only the Mindanaos but their allies
the Ternatans, and the Joloans (Vol. XI, pp. 238, 239, 292-301, 303;
XII, pp. 32, 39-41, 134-137; XIII, pp. 49, 146, 147; XV, pp. 192-196,
209, 265-267; XVIII, pp. 185-187, 331, 333; XIX, pp. 67, 68, 215-218,
223-225; XXII, pp. 89, 90, 203-206; XXIII, p. 259; XXIV, pp. 35-37,
102-104, 139, 142, 143, 329; XXV, pp. 86, 105, 152-154, 199; XXVI,
p. 285; XXVII, pp. 215-226, 316). Similar raids were made by the
Camucones, Moros from some small islands near Borneo (Vol. XVIII,
p. 79; XXII, pp. 89, 132, 133, 202, 296-298, 303; XXIV, pp. 97,
138; XXV, pp. 154-156; XXVII, pp. 314-316; XXIX, pp. 31, 200). These
attacks kept the peaceful natives in constant fear; their villages
were burned and plundered, and their fields ravaged;