his rest, let us enter the church itself.--RUSKIN.

This moribund '61, _whose_ career of life is just coming to its
terminus.--THACKERAY.

So in Matthew Arnold, Kingsley, Burke, and numerous others.

[Sidenote: Which _and its antecedents_.]

115. The last two sentences in Sec. 108 show that _which_ may have
other antecedents than nouns and pronouns. In 5 (_a_) there is a
participial adjective used as the antecedent; in 5 (_b_) there is a
complete clause employed as antecedent. This often occurs.

Sometimes, too, the antecedent follows _which_; thus,--

And, which is worse, _all you have done
Hath been but for a wayward son_.
--SHAKESPEARE.

Primarily, which is very notable and curious, I observe that _men
of business rarely know the meaning of the word "rich_."--RUSKIN.

I demurred to this honorary title upon two grounds,--first, as
being one toward which I had no natural aptitudes or predisposing
advantages; secondly (which made her stare), _as carrying with it
no real or enviable distinction_.--DE QUINCEY.

[Sidenote: That.]

116. In the sentences of Sec. 109, we notice that--

(1) _That_ refers to persons, animals, and things.

(2) It has only one case form, no possessive.

(3) It is the same form for first, second, and third persons.

(4) It has the same form for singular and plural.

It sometimes borrows the possessive _whose_, as in sentence 6, Sec.
109, but this is not sanctioned as good usage.

[Sidenote: What.]

117. The sentences of Sec. 110 show that--

(1) _What_ always refers to things; is always neuter.

(2) It is used almost entirely in the singular.
1. The man _that_ hath no music in himself,...
Is fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils.
--SHAKESPEARE
(3) Its antecedent is hardly ever expressed. When expressed, it
usually follows, and is emphatic; as, for example,--

What I would, _that_ do I not; but what I hate, _that_ do
I.--_Bible_

What fates impose, _that_ men must needs abide.--SHAKESPEARE.

What a man does, _that_ he has.--EMERSON.

Compare this:--

Alas! is _it_ not too true, what we said?--CARLYLE.

DECLENSION OF RELATIVE PRONOUNS.

118. These are the forms of the simple relatives:--

SINGULAR AND PLURAL.

_Nom._ who which that what
_Poss._ whose whose -- --
_Obj._ whom which that what

HOW TO PARS