ies, 37

----, ----, use of, in Greece, 35

----, reasons for arrangement of oars in banks, 42

----, Roman, use of lead sheathing in, 53

----, ----, use of turrets in, 54

----, ----, used against Carthaginians, 36

----, speeds of, 48, 50

----, use of decks in, 28, 34, 36, 43, 44, 157, 160

----, use of sails in, 43

----, used by Alexander the Great, 35

----, Venetian, number of rowers to oars of, 47

----, with four banks of oars, use of, by Athenians, 35

----, with five banks of oars, use of, by Athenians and Syracusans, 35

_See also_ UNIREMES, BIREMES, TRIREMES, QUINQUEREMES, PENTECONTERS

Genoese ship built for France, 1268, 73

_Great Republic_, American clipper, 1853, 150

Greece, ancient, shipbuilding in, 28

----, favourable geographical situation of, for navigation, 28

Greek bireme of about 800 B.C., 157

----, bireme of about 500 B.C., 31

----, galley without deck, 33

----, galleys, rams of, 31, 52, 53

Greek merchant-ship of about 500 B.C., 38

----, penteconters, 35

----, triremes, crews of, 42

----, ----, details of, 41

----, unireme of about 500 B.C., 31

Greeks (ancient), naval expeditions of, 29

Guns, naval, time of Henry VIII., 95

_See also_ ARTILLERY, NAVAL GUNS

H

Hatshepsu's expedition to the land of Punt, 18

_Henry Grace a Dieu_, warship of Henry VIII., 93

Henry V., classification of ships of, 81

----, fleet of, for invasion of France, 82

----, naval development in reign of, 80

Henry VI., ship of reign of, 83

Henry VII., naval development in reign of, 92

Henry VIII., naval guns in time of, 95

----, warships of, 93

Herodotus, account of Egyptian boats by, 24

_Hibernia_, battleship of 1790, particulars of, 129

_Hollandia_, Dutch warship of 1683..116

_Howe_, English first-rate of 1815..135

I

_Invincible_, French warship of 1747..126

Italian fifteenth century ship, 79

J

James I. appoints Commission to inquire into state of Navy, 104

----, development of merchant shipping under, 108

----, warships of, 104 _et seq._

L

_La Blanche Nef_, loss of, 67

Lancaster's expedition to East Indies, 100

La Rochelle, naval battle of, in 1372..77

Lead-sheathing, use of, in Roman galleys, 53

Lepanto, naval battle of, 103

L'Espagnols-sur-Mer, naval battle of, 77

Liburnian g